m-shahzad
07-01-06, 08:05 AM
Hadith and the Prophet Muhammad
Table of Contents
Hadith, Hadith Collections, and Searchable Hadith Database (http://www.uga.edu/islam/hadith.html#hadith) sayings and accounts of the Prophet
Biographies of the Compilers of the Primary Hadith Collections (http://www.uga.edu/islam/hadith.html#biographies)
Hadith Scholarship and Criticism (http://www.uga.edu/islam/hadith.html#criticism)
Sirah, (http://www.uga.edu/islam/hadith.html#sirah) Hagiographies of the Prophet, including also information on his wives, and companions
Downloadable Arabic Research Library (http://www.uga.edu/islam/hadith.html#library)
Hadith, Hadith Collections, and Searchable Hadith Database
A hadith is a saying of Muhammad or a report about something he did. Over time, during the first few centuries of Islam, it became obvious that many so-called hadith were in fact spurious sayings that had been fabricated for various motives, at best to encourage believers to act righteously and at worse to corrupt believers' understanding of Islam and to lead them astray. Since Islamic legal scholars were utilizing hadith as an adjunct to the Qur'an in their development of the Islamic legal system, it became critically important to have reliable collections of hadith. While the early collections of hadith often contained hadith that were of questionable origin, gradually collections of authenticated hadith called sahih (lit. true, correct) were compiled. Such collections were made possible by the development of the science of hadith criticism, a science at the basis of which was a critical analysis of the chain of (oral) transmission (isnad) of the hadith going all the way back to Muhammad. The two most highly respected collections of hadith are the authenticated collections the Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim. (Sahih literally means "correct, true, valid, or sound.") In addition to these, four other collections came to be well-respected, although not to the degree of Bukhari and Muslim's sahih collections. These four other collections are the Sunan of Tirmidhi, Nasa'i, Ibn Majah, and Abu Da'ud. Together these four and the two sahih collections are called the "six books" (al-kutub al-sitta). Two other important collections, in particular, are the Muwatta of Ibn Malik, the founder of the Maliki school of law, and the Musnad of Ahmad ibn Hanbal, the founder of the Hanbali school of law.
Hadith (Encyclopedia Iranica) (http://www.iranica.com/articles/v11f4/v11f4072a.html) A detailed scholarly introduction by Shahab Ahmed. Published not before 2002, it contains useful recent bibliographic citations.
English Translation of the Sahih of Bukhari (http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/fundamentals/hadithsunnah/bukhari/) This online version, translated by M. Muhsin Khan, has a useful table of contents. Bukhari included 7275 hadith in his Sahih, many of which were variants of others with different chains of transmission. Of these, 2712 were not duplicates. It was reported that he had originally collected 600,000 hadith before subjecting them to his critical method.
English Translation of the Sahih of Muslim (http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/fundamentals/hadithsunnah/muslim/) by Abdul Hamid Siddiqui. This, like the Sahih of Bukhari, has a useful table of contents. Muslim included 9200 hadith, of which 4000 were not duplicated. Originally, he had collected 300,000 hadith; so out of these 300,000, 9200 met his criteria of authenticity.
Searchable Hadith Database Translations of the entirety of the hadith collections of Bukhari (Sahih) and Malik (Muwatta) and part of the collections of Muslim (Sahih) and Abu Dawud (Sunan) are on-line and searchable at the MSA-USC Hadith Database. (http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/reference/searchhadith.html)
Imam Nawawi's Forty Hadith (http://www.islamworld.net/nawawi.html) (link fixed 17 August 2005) This selection of the sayings of the Prophet compiled by Nawawi, a very important medieval Islamic scholar, has been a favorite of Muslims since its compilation in the 13th century CE. (Back on line 1/18/98.)
Imam al-Nawawi's Forty Hadith (http://www.islamicity.org/radio/ch190.htm) recited and explained in both Arabic and English. This is especially useful for intermediate and advanced level students of Arabic Islamic texts.
A selection of hadith by Sir Abdullah Suhrawardy entitled Sayings of the Prophet. (http://www.twf.org/Sayings.html) This has a useful topic index.
Forty Hadith Qudsi (http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/fundamentals/hadithsunnah/hadithqudsi.html) Hadith in which the Prophet reports non-Qur'anic words of God are called hadith qudsi.
Mishkat al-masabih (http://www.jamiat.org.za/isinfo/mishkat.html), an online book by a Muslim scholar Moulana Yunus Osman, deals with hadith in general but focuses on a popular collection of hadith that has been translated into English by James Robson.
The Sunna Project (http://www.ihsanetwork.org/) of the International Hadith Study Association Network (IHSAN)contains online their Hadith Encyclopedia database containing a searchable version of the Arabic text and indices of the Seven Canonical Hadith Collections: Sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Sunan Abi Daud, Sunan al-Tirmidhi,Sunan al-Nasa’i, Sunan IbnMajah and the Muwatta’ lik, as well as comments and footnotes. Until February 2003, this service will be in beta testing and be free of charge.
Biographies of the Compilers of the Primary Hadith Collections
Imam Bukhari (http://www.sunnah.org/history/Scholars/imam_bukhari.htm) (194-265 AH), the life of Imam Muhammad ibn Ismâ`îl al-Bukhârî (from Bukhara, in what is today Uzbekistan), written by `Allâma Ghulâm Rasűl Sa`îdî, translated by `Allâmah Ishfaq Alam Qadri and M. Iqtidar (Minhaj-ul-Qur'an, March 1995, pp. 30-37).
Imam Muslim (http://www.sunnah.org/history/Scholars/Imam_muslim.htm) (202 or 206-261 AH / 817 or 821-875 CE) the life of Muslim ibn Hajjaj al-Qushayri al-Naysaburi (from Naysabur/Nayshapur/Nishapur, in northeastern Iran), the compiler of Sahih Muslim; written by Dr. Abdul Hamid Siddiqui.
Imam Abu Da'ud (http://www.sunnah.org/history/Scholars/imam_abu_dawud.htm) (202-275 AH) Abu Da'ud Sulaiman ibn Ash`ath Sijistani compiler of the Sunan Abi Da'ud, written by Alimah Alisha Akaloo.
Imam Tirmidhi (http://www.sunnah.org/history/Scholars/imam_tirmidhi.htm) (209-279 AH) Abu 'Isa, Muhammad ibn 'Isa ibn Sawra al-Tirmidhi, from Tirmidh, in what today is southern Uzbekistan, just inside the Uzbek border and due north of the Afghan city of Mazar-e Sharif.
Imam al-Nasa'i (215-303 AH), Abu 'Abd al-Rahman Ahmad ibn Shu'ayb ibn 'Ali ibn Sinan ibn Bahr al-Khurasani al-Nasa'i, from Nasa', which today is in Turkmenistan. His most well-known hadith collection is called the Sunan al-Nasa'i or more precisely al-Sunan al-mujtaba (The Selected Sunan), which is actually a selection of a larger work of his, al-Sunan al-kubra, which still appears not to have been published.
Imam Ibn Majah (209-273 AH), Abu 'Abdallah Muhammad ibn Yazid al-Rab'i al-Qazwini, from Qazwin in Iran. His hadith collection is called the Sunan Ibn Majah.
Imam Malik ibn Anas (http://www.sunnah.org/publication/khulafa_rashideen/malik.htm) (93-179 AH), compiler of the Muwatta and origin of the Maliki madh'hab (school of law); written by Dr. G. F. Haddad.
Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal (http://www.sunnah.org/publication/khulafa_rashideen/hanbal.htm) (d. 241 AH), compiler of the Musnad Ibn Hanbal and origin of the Hanbali madh'hab (school of law); written by Dr. G. F. Haddad.
Al-Hâkim, Muhammad ibn `Abd Allâh al-Naysabűrî (http://www.sunnah.org/history/Scholars/al_hakim_al_naysaburi.htm), known as Ibn al-Bayyi` (321-405 AH), compiler of the well-known al-Mustadrak `alâ al-Sahîhayn, supplement to the collections of Bukhari and Muslim; written by Dr. G. F. Haddad.
Table of Contents
Hadith, Hadith Collections, and Searchable Hadith Database (http://www.uga.edu/islam/hadith.html#hadith) sayings and accounts of the Prophet
Biographies of the Compilers of the Primary Hadith Collections (http://www.uga.edu/islam/hadith.html#biographies)
Hadith Scholarship and Criticism (http://www.uga.edu/islam/hadith.html#criticism)
Sirah, (http://www.uga.edu/islam/hadith.html#sirah) Hagiographies of the Prophet, including also information on his wives, and companions
Downloadable Arabic Research Library (http://www.uga.edu/islam/hadith.html#library)
Hadith, Hadith Collections, and Searchable Hadith Database
A hadith is a saying of Muhammad or a report about something he did. Over time, during the first few centuries of Islam, it became obvious that many so-called hadith were in fact spurious sayings that had been fabricated for various motives, at best to encourage believers to act righteously and at worse to corrupt believers' understanding of Islam and to lead them astray. Since Islamic legal scholars were utilizing hadith as an adjunct to the Qur'an in their development of the Islamic legal system, it became critically important to have reliable collections of hadith. While the early collections of hadith often contained hadith that were of questionable origin, gradually collections of authenticated hadith called sahih (lit. true, correct) were compiled. Such collections were made possible by the development of the science of hadith criticism, a science at the basis of which was a critical analysis of the chain of (oral) transmission (isnad) of the hadith going all the way back to Muhammad. The two most highly respected collections of hadith are the authenticated collections the Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim. (Sahih literally means "correct, true, valid, or sound.") In addition to these, four other collections came to be well-respected, although not to the degree of Bukhari and Muslim's sahih collections. These four other collections are the Sunan of Tirmidhi, Nasa'i, Ibn Majah, and Abu Da'ud. Together these four and the two sahih collections are called the "six books" (al-kutub al-sitta). Two other important collections, in particular, are the Muwatta of Ibn Malik, the founder of the Maliki school of law, and the Musnad of Ahmad ibn Hanbal, the founder of the Hanbali school of law.
Hadith (Encyclopedia Iranica) (http://www.iranica.com/articles/v11f4/v11f4072a.html) A detailed scholarly introduction by Shahab Ahmed. Published not before 2002, it contains useful recent bibliographic citations.
English Translation of the Sahih of Bukhari (http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/fundamentals/hadithsunnah/bukhari/) This online version, translated by M. Muhsin Khan, has a useful table of contents. Bukhari included 7275 hadith in his Sahih, many of which were variants of others with different chains of transmission. Of these, 2712 were not duplicates. It was reported that he had originally collected 600,000 hadith before subjecting them to his critical method.
English Translation of the Sahih of Muslim (http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/fundamentals/hadithsunnah/muslim/) by Abdul Hamid Siddiqui. This, like the Sahih of Bukhari, has a useful table of contents. Muslim included 9200 hadith, of which 4000 were not duplicated. Originally, he had collected 300,000 hadith; so out of these 300,000, 9200 met his criteria of authenticity.
Searchable Hadith Database Translations of the entirety of the hadith collections of Bukhari (Sahih) and Malik (Muwatta) and part of the collections of Muslim (Sahih) and Abu Dawud (Sunan) are on-line and searchable at the MSA-USC Hadith Database. (http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/reference/searchhadith.html)
Imam Nawawi's Forty Hadith (http://www.islamworld.net/nawawi.html) (link fixed 17 August 2005) This selection of the sayings of the Prophet compiled by Nawawi, a very important medieval Islamic scholar, has been a favorite of Muslims since its compilation in the 13th century CE. (Back on line 1/18/98.)
Imam al-Nawawi's Forty Hadith (http://www.islamicity.org/radio/ch190.htm) recited and explained in both Arabic and English. This is especially useful for intermediate and advanced level students of Arabic Islamic texts.
A selection of hadith by Sir Abdullah Suhrawardy entitled Sayings of the Prophet. (http://www.twf.org/Sayings.html) This has a useful topic index.
Forty Hadith Qudsi (http://www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/fundamentals/hadithsunnah/hadithqudsi.html) Hadith in which the Prophet reports non-Qur'anic words of God are called hadith qudsi.
Mishkat al-masabih (http://www.jamiat.org.za/isinfo/mishkat.html), an online book by a Muslim scholar Moulana Yunus Osman, deals with hadith in general but focuses on a popular collection of hadith that has been translated into English by James Robson.
The Sunna Project (http://www.ihsanetwork.org/) of the International Hadith Study Association Network (IHSAN)contains online their Hadith Encyclopedia database containing a searchable version of the Arabic text and indices of the Seven Canonical Hadith Collections: Sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Sunan Abi Daud, Sunan al-Tirmidhi,Sunan al-Nasa’i, Sunan IbnMajah and the Muwatta’ lik, as well as comments and footnotes. Until February 2003, this service will be in beta testing and be free of charge.
Biographies of the Compilers of the Primary Hadith Collections
Imam Bukhari (http://www.sunnah.org/history/Scholars/imam_bukhari.htm) (194-265 AH), the life of Imam Muhammad ibn Ismâ`îl al-Bukhârî (from Bukhara, in what is today Uzbekistan), written by `Allâma Ghulâm Rasűl Sa`îdî, translated by `Allâmah Ishfaq Alam Qadri and M. Iqtidar (Minhaj-ul-Qur'an, March 1995, pp. 30-37).
Imam Muslim (http://www.sunnah.org/history/Scholars/Imam_muslim.htm) (202 or 206-261 AH / 817 or 821-875 CE) the life of Muslim ibn Hajjaj al-Qushayri al-Naysaburi (from Naysabur/Nayshapur/Nishapur, in northeastern Iran), the compiler of Sahih Muslim; written by Dr. Abdul Hamid Siddiqui.
Imam Abu Da'ud (http://www.sunnah.org/history/Scholars/imam_abu_dawud.htm) (202-275 AH) Abu Da'ud Sulaiman ibn Ash`ath Sijistani compiler of the Sunan Abi Da'ud, written by Alimah Alisha Akaloo.
Imam Tirmidhi (http://www.sunnah.org/history/Scholars/imam_tirmidhi.htm) (209-279 AH) Abu 'Isa, Muhammad ibn 'Isa ibn Sawra al-Tirmidhi, from Tirmidh, in what today is southern Uzbekistan, just inside the Uzbek border and due north of the Afghan city of Mazar-e Sharif.
Imam al-Nasa'i (215-303 AH), Abu 'Abd al-Rahman Ahmad ibn Shu'ayb ibn 'Ali ibn Sinan ibn Bahr al-Khurasani al-Nasa'i, from Nasa', which today is in Turkmenistan. His most well-known hadith collection is called the Sunan al-Nasa'i or more precisely al-Sunan al-mujtaba (The Selected Sunan), which is actually a selection of a larger work of his, al-Sunan al-kubra, which still appears not to have been published.
Imam Ibn Majah (209-273 AH), Abu 'Abdallah Muhammad ibn Yazid al-Rab'i al-Qazwini, from Qazwin in Iran. His hadith collection is called the Sunan Ibn Majah.
Imam Malik ibn Anas (http://www.sunnah.org/publication/khulafa_rashideen/malik.htm) (93-179 AH), compiler of the Muwatta and origin of the Maliki madh'hab (school of law); written by Dr. G. F. Haddad.
Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal (http://www.sunnah.org/publication/khulafa_rashideen/hanbal.htm) (d. 241 AH), compiler of the Musnad Ibn Hanbal and origin of the Hanbali madh'hab (school of law); written by Dr. G. F. Haddad.
Al-Hâkim, Muhammad ibn `Abd Allâh al-Naysabűrî (http://www.sunnah.org/history/Scholars/al_hakim_al_naysaburi.htm), known as Ibn al-Bayyi` (321-405 AH), compiler of the well-known al-Mustadrak `alâ al-Sahîhayn, supplement to the collections of Bukhari and Muslim; written by Dr. G. F. Haddad.