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.: Anna :.
26-07-05, 10:20 PM
LESSON 14 : Future

In Arabic there is no "future tense" as such [as there is in English, French, German etc]. To express the idea that you will do something in the future, you use the present tense verb [eg yaf3alu يفعل] and add the letter "seen"
س
This "seen" stands for the Arabic word "sawfa" سوف
which could be translated as "will". [You may also add the full word "sawfa" infront of the verb(doing verb) but it is more common to see just the "seen" which is written attached to the following verb, with no space inbetween]

Read the following examples

سيلبسُ أحمدُ قميصاً جميلاً
(sa yalbisu Ahmad qameesan jameelan)
Ahmad will wear a beautiful shirt
سأكلُ طعامي
(sa akulu Ta3aamy)
I will eat my food
ستستعملُ نورةُ الحاسوبَ
(sa tasta3milu Noora alHaasoob)
Noora will use the computer
ستجدين كتابكِ
(satajideena kitaabaki)
you will find your book (to a girl)
متى سيذهبُ يوسف؟
(mataa sa yadhhabu yousef?)
when will yousef go?

As you can see, it does not affect the way the verb is formed. The "seen" is just stuck to the beginning of the word.

If you are Muslim (or even if not, but you believe in God and know that He has power over everything) then it is also good to include the following phrase when talking about future events or making future plans:
إنْ شاء الله
(in shaa'a Allah)
If Allah wills
There are also words of time which can be used to give a sentence a future meaning, such as:
غداً
(ghadan) tomorrow
الاسبوعَ القادمَ
(al usbo3 alqaadim) next week/the coming week
الشهرَ القادمَ
(ash shohr al qaadim) next month / the coming month
السنةَ القادمَ
(as sanat al qaadim) next year / the coming year

In grammar these words are known as "adverbials of time" and usually they will always come with a fatha on the last letter. (unless a preposition comes infront of them)

.: Anna :.
26-07-05, 10:33 PM
excercises

1.) make the following past tense sentences into future sentences:

ذهبت نورة إلى المسجد
وجدتُ عائشة في الدكّانِِِ
أين ذهبتَ؟
شرب عليُّ الماءَ
كتبتِ كتابا جميلا

2.) make up an answer to the following questions:

متى ستساعدُ أمّكَ؟
متى سيدرسُ عليُّ؟
متى ستستيقظُ عائشةُ غداً؟
متى ستغادرينَ البيت؟
متى سيصلى المسلم صلاة المغرب؟
متى سيزورُ أحمد صديقَه؟

3.) translate the following:




a) Maryam will cook food next week God willing
b) what will Ali wear to school?
c) I will help my mother tomorrow
d) You will drink water (to a girl)
e) You will wash yourself at 8am (to a boy)
f) when will I wake up in the morning?

4.) make up 5 of your own future sentences.

.: Anna :.
26-07-05, 10:35 PM
vocabulary is the words of time plus you MUST remember the word
سandسوف