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abdulhakeem
26-12-03, 01:14 PM
Zofeen Ebrahim

KARACHI, Pakistan, Dec 23 (IPS) - Pale, in fact more on the sallow side, six-month old Sohaib opens his eyes, stretches a little and looks at all those gathered around his cot at the Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation's (SIUT) intensive care unit in this southern Pakistani city. Their faces are hidden by green theatre masks, but Sohaib, who hails from Rawlakot in Azad Kashmir or Pakistan-controlled Kashmir, gives a faint smile as his eyes fall on his mother.

He is oblivious to the fact that he has made history - as the first recipient in Pakistan of a liver transplant - and that he would have died within months if he had not come to Karachi or to SIUT. ”He was this yellow,” Anwar Naqvi, a senior doctor at the institute, says, pointing to the bright yellow balloons hanging in his cubicle.

The seven-hour operation was carried out early this month by the SIUT team headed by its director, Adibul Hasan Rizvi, with a team of surgeons from King's College, London. The transplanted liver is doing fine and gaining its required size.

Sohaib's maternal uncle Wasim Khan, a 21-year-old lanky frail fellow in the construction business, donated part of his liver. ”I feel proud, not because everyone considers it a feat that I have accomplished, but because God chose me to save Sohaib's life. That is my reward,” he says.

In a country where people hesitate to give even blood to save lives of their near and dear ones, his is indeed a feat. Saima, who is Sohaib's mother and Wasim's younger sister, is overwhelmed. ”The night before the operation was the longest, most grueling night I've spent. I wanted my son to be normal and healthy again, but I couldn't help worry about my brother, '' she says.

''What if anything went wrong? How would I ever face my parents? My faith in God has strengthened,” says Saima, who has six brothers, all of whom had offered their liver for transplant.

Sohaib's family has not been asked to pay a single rupee to the institute.With humble beginnings as a department of urology at the government-run Civil Hospital here in 1970, this public sector state-of-the-art health facility today provides free, comprehensive medical care in kidney diseases and transplants.

But in making history, Sohaib has also re-opened a Pandora's box around the acceptance by the public - and by religious leaders who hold clout in this South Asian country - of the donation of organs from cadavers. This almost 10-year old debate -- which has been lying dormant pending legislative approval -- has been given a new lease of life, just like Sohaib.

”Things seem to be looking up. We have the blessings of the Prime Minister Jamali. His son went through a liver transplant some five years ago at King's Hospital in London and so this time when the team was here, he came to meet them at our institute and the issue was raised and he promised to get it done, says Dr Naqvi, senior urologist at the SIUT. ''He understands the importance of organ donations.”

On average, 25,000 Pakistanis die every year of organ failure. There is an estimated need of 5,500 livers per population per year. ”Despite the technical advances, donor organ shortage persists in the absence of a cadaver organ donation and transplantation law,” says Dr Rizvi.

End-stage organ failure leads annually to some 10,000 patients requiring renal replacement and 3,000 a new heart.

Eye donations are allowed at present, but are far from enough. Whether it is public apathy, indifference or an ill-informed nation, statistics show that not more than 150 corneas have been donated by Pakistanis during last 50 years against the backdrop of 1.5 million blind people in the country and a blindness rate growing at a rate of half percent.

According to Eye Bank Society sources, some 1,500 corneas have been procured from Sri Lanka for more than 30 years. Though 30,000 consent cards have been signed in Karachi alone in the last 20 years, very few donations actually came forward. Naqvi says almost all Muslim countries have accepted organ donations, including Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Malaysia and Bangladesh, so he wonders why the same cannot be done in Pakistan.

Those like Fouzia Mapara, who works in a multinational company, has no problem with donating her organs after death ”as long as everything is legal and utilised correctly for Pakistani human beings and not exported like everything else -- our meat and tomatoes and fruit''.

Zubeida Mustafa, a senior journalist who does not find organ donation un-Islamic, puts the blame partly on apathy and partly ”the fear that the mullahs will attack any such move”. Ayesha Azfar agrees, but says that ”if done cleverly - quoting Saudi Arabia's example extensively, there could be a few murmurs that might abate''.

But M Saleem Dada, who teaches 'Islamiyat', argues: ”If some Muslim countries have made the law in their favour, that is no reason to consider it an Islamic decision nor (does) the fatwa (Islamic decree)of Al-Azhar University matter for the same reason”.

”To change the shape of a body is a satanic attitude,'' he adds. ''Allah has created human beings with great art and perfection and to add or subtract anything from a person is against this setting. Little wonder then that organs donated are always rejected where they are put, and heavy and very expensive medicine is needed to control their work.”

Mohammad Ali Naqvi, a Shia scholar, also believes that ”cadaver organ donation or that of a living person is un-Islamic”. While donating blood is equivalent to godliness, ”and it does not require any surgical procedure, organ transplantation for research or for saving lives is not allowed in Islam,'' he argues.

Bur Rizvi counters: ”Giving life to people could never be un-Islamic. When it comes to life and death, something that is not permissible in Islam becomes permissible. That is Islam.” Niilofur Farrukh, art critic and activist, says: ”Cadaver organ donation is the ultimate gesture of generosity a human being can make for the other. It is a 'sadqa-e- jaria' (continuous and on-going alms giving). Enlightened religious leaders should endorse this to address religious concerns.''

Like Azfar, Nuzhat Lotia cannot fathom why ”if eyes can be donated after death, what holds people back from donating other organs? ”Blood is also defined as an organ and it's donated all the time,” joins in Beena Sarwar, a journalist and human rights activist.

For far too long, SIUT has been talking of donor cards but even that scheme has never really taken root. ”That is because no one carries that on them. We have suggested that the new driving licenses can have a line that says that the victim has allowed donation of his organ in case of his sudden death due to accident,” explains SIUT's Naqvi. So far nothing like that has materialised.

http://ipsnews.net/interna.asp?idnews=21683

AbuZayd Al-Britaani
26-12-03, 02:24 PM
There is certainly a big debate amongst the Ulema on this issue (esp. in Pakistan) but I tend to agree with the conclusions reached by the Islamic Fiqh Academy that organ donation is permissible under certain guidelines.......

AbuZayd Al-Britaani
26-12-03, 02:27 PM
If any have any doubts on this issue see:

http://www.daruliftaa.org/organ_donation_and_transplantation.htm

Mary Carol
26-12-03, 08:39 PM
Originally posted by abdulhakeem
But M Saleem Dada, who teaches 'Islamiyat', argues: ”...
”To change the shape of a body is a satanic attitude,'' he adds. ''Allah has created human beings with great art and perfection and to add or subtract anything from a person is against this setting. Little wonder then that organs donated are always rejected where they are put, and heavy and very expensive medicine is needed to control their work.”


Satanic attitude?

My youngest son underwent surgical repair of his diaphragm at 24 hours of life and then spent 6 days having his blood oxygenated and pumped for him by a heart and lung machine. This was followed by a 5-month-long hospital stay.

His life was saved by the timely surgery, life-saving drugs, and technological interventions that were provided to him by the professionals that my son was graced to meet at a most critical period in his life.

Who would I thank for all that except Allah?

Ali_Khan
27-12-03, 12:16 AM
rajji what has that go to do with human implants?

Mary Carol
27-12-03, 12:47 AM
Originally posted by Ali_Khan
rajji what has that go to do with human implants?

I quoted M Saleem Dada, who said:

”To change the shape of a body is a satanic attitude,'' he adds. ''Allah has created human beings with great art and perfection and to add or subtract anything from a person is against this setting. Little wonder then that organs donated are always rejected where they are put, and heavy and very expensive medicine is needed to control their work.”

The shape of my son's body was changed as his diaphragm was incomplete at birth, causing him to suffocate at his first breath of life. The surgery involved reconstructing the missing muscle tissue, and his year-long recovery depended on the "expensive medicines" that this Mr. Dada considers proof that Allah would not want such intervention done on a sick human being.

So what do you think Ali_Khan?

Is medical intervention a "satanic attitude" or a life giving blessing from God?

abdulhakeem
27-12-03, 03:06 AM
Ruling on organ transplants

Question :

Are you allowed to donate or receive organs, since I have seen no direct prohibition on organ transpants in the Quran.


Answer :

Praise be to Allaah.

This subject is one of the topics which is being researched by the Islamic Fiqh Council (Majma’ al-Fiqh al-Islami), which has issued the following fatwaa:

1. It is permitted to transplant or graft an organ from one part of a person’s body to another, so long as one is careful to ascertain that the benefits of this operation outweigh any harm that may result from it, and on the condition that this is done to replace something that has been lost, or to restore its appearance or regular function, or to correct some fault or disfigurement which is causing physical or psychological distress.

2. It is permitted to transplant an organ from one person’s body to another, if it is an organ that can regenerate itself, like skin or blood, on the condition that the donor is mature and understands what he is doing, and that all other pertinent shar’i conditions are met.

3. It is permitted to use part of an organ that has been removed because of illness to benefit another person, such as using the cornea of an eye removed because of illness.

4. It is haraam to take an organ on which life depends, such as taking a heart from a living person to transplant into another person.

5. It is haraam to take an organ from a living person when doing so could impair an essential vital function, even though his life itself may not be under threat, such as removing the corneas of both eyes. However, removing organs which will lead to only partial impairment is a matter which is still under scholarly discussion.

6. It is permitted to transplant an organ from a dead person to a living person whose life depends on receiving that organ, or whose vital functions are otherwise impaired, on the condition that permission is given either by the person before his death or by his heirs, or by the leader of the Muslims in cases where the dead person’s identity is unknown or he has no heirs.

7. Care should be taken to ensure that there is proper agreement to the transplant of organs in the cases described above, on the condition that no buying or selling of organs is involved. It is not permitted to trade in human organs under any circumstances. But the question of whether the beneficiary may spend money to obtain an organ he needs, or to show his appreciation, is a matter which is still under scholarly debate.

8. Anything other than the scenarios described above is still subject to scholarly debate, and requires further detailed research in the light of medical research and shar’i rulings.

See also questions # 2141, 2159, 424. And Allaah knows best.

Qararaat Majma’ al-Fiqh al-Islami (www.islam-qa.com)

http://63.175.194.25/index.php?ln=eng&ds=qa&lv=browse&QR=2117&dgn=4

abdulhakeem
27-12-03, 03:09 AM
Ruling on transplanting reproductive organs

Question :

What is the ruling transplanting testicles taken from a person who has recently died, especially when this could be the solution for a person who is suffering from sterility?

Answer :

Praise be to Allaah.

The Islamic Fiqh Council answered this question as follows:

1. Transplanting reproductive glands. Because the testicles and ovaries continue to carry and produce the genetic characteristics (DNA) of the original donor even after being transplanted into a new body, the transplanting of reproductive glands is not permitted according to Islamic sharee’ah.

2. Transplanting other parts of the reproductive organs. Transplanting parts of the reproductive system which do not transmit DNA (with the exception of the private parts themselves) is permissible in cases of legitimate necessity as long as the relevant rulings and regulations of sharee’ah are adhered to.

And Allaah knows best.

Islam Q&A
Sheikh Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid (www.islam-qa.com)

http://63.175.194.25/index.php?ln=eng&ds=qa&lv=browse&QR=2141&dgn=4

abdulhakeem
27-12-03, 03:12 AM
Using foetuses as a source of organs for transplant

Question :

In some fields of medicine there is a trend towards using aborted foetuses for organ transplants. What is the ruling on this?

Answer :

Praise be to Allaah.

Nowadays there is something known as the trade in foetuses, in which some doctors deliberately abort foetuses so that they can profit from selling the foetal organs or cells, from which some kinds of injections may be prepared for the benefit of elderly rich people and others. This is a major crime, because it entails the deliberate murder of innocent souls for financial gain. This is a serious form of wrongdoing and the rulings concerning it are well known and obvious. The question of whether the aborted foetus may be used as a source of transplant organs has been researched by the Islamic Fiqh Council, which issued the following fatwaa:

1. It is not permitted to exploit foetuses as a source of organs needed for transplant into another person except in certain limited circumstances under stringent conditions.

1. It is not permitted to deliberately induce abortion for the purpose of exploiting the foetus for organ transplants to another person. Only foetuses expelled through natural or spontaneous abortion (miscarriage) or aborted for a legitimate reason may be used in this way. Surgery should not be performed to remove the foetus except in cases where the mother’s life is at risk.

2. If the aborted foetus is viable and capable of living, then medical attention should be aimed at preserving its life, not at exploiting it for organ transplant. If it is not viable and will not live, its organs cannot be used until after it has died naturally, according to the conditions of sharee’ah.

1. It is not permissible to exploit any part of the procedures required to obtain and transplant organs for commercial gain.

2. The procedures surrounding organ transplants must be supervised and regulated by a specialized and trustworthy organization.

And Allaah knows best.

Qaraaraat Majma’ al-Fiqh al-Islami, p. 119. (www.islam-qa.com)

http://63.175.194.25/index.php?ln=eng&ds=qa&lv=browse&QR=2159&dgn=4

abdulhakeem
27-12-03, 03:15 AM
Donating corneas

Question :

Muslims can donet our eye after death ?.

Answer :

Praise be to Allaah.

The Council of Senior Scholars has issued the following statement:

Firstly:

It is permissible to remove the corneas from a person after his death has been confirmed, and to implant them in the eye of a Muslim person who needs them, if it is thought most likely that the operation will be successful, and so long as the next of kin (of the deceased) do not object. This is based on the principle of serving the greater of two interests and doing the lesser of two harms, and of giving precedence to the interests of the living over the interests of the dead. There is the hope that the living will be able to see again after having lost his sight, and that this will benefit him and he will benefit the ummah in turn. The deceased person from whom the cornea is taken does not lose anything, because his eyes will turn to dust anyways. Removing the cornea from his eyes is not a visible mutilation of his body, because his eyes will be closed.

Secondly:

It is also permissible to remove a sound cornea from a sound eyeball that has been removed from a person to protect him against some danger that may result from leaving it in place, and to transplant it into the eye of another Muslim who needs it, if removing it is in the interests of the health of the original owner and transplanting it to another person will not cause him any harm and will benefit the other person. All of that in permitted in sharee’ah.

And Allaah is the Source of strength.

Islam Q&A (www.islam-qa.com)

http://63.175.194.25/index.php?ln=eng&ds=qa&lv=browse&QR=21381&dgn=4

abdulhakeem
27-12-03, 03:16 AM
Ruling on transplanting a kaafir heart into a Muslim

Question :

3mth old son just recevied a heart transplant because his old heart was not developed properly. My question is: He has a non-muslim heart beating inside of him, is it ok? Or did we make a wrong decision to have had the transplant?

Answer :

Praise be to Allaah.

We put the following question to Shaykh ‘Abd-Allaah ibn Jibreen:

Is there any objection (in sharee’ah) to transplanting the heart of a dead kaafir into a Muslim body?

He, may Allaah preserve him, answered as follows:

No, because this organ is not the seat of disbelief or faith.

Shaykh ‘Abd-Allaah ibn Jibreen (www.islam-qa.com)

http://63.175.194.25/index.php?ln=eng&ds=qa&lv=browse&QR=6431&dgn=4

AbuMubarak
18-06-04, 10:45 AM
Topic: Shaykh M. Baazmool on Organ Donation


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Moosaa -- 03-18-2003 @ 12:00 AM
QUESTION

What is the Islaamic ruling on organ donation? Can a Muslim write in his
will for someone to receive one or more parts of his body?

ANSWER by Shaykh Muhammad 'Umar Baazmool, instructor at Umm Al-Quraa
University in Makkah

Organ donation, in reality, is an issue that has a lot of other issues
related to it, so it requires us to specify the issue more clearly.

Otherwise, then the sacredness of a Muslim that has died is like the
sacredness of the living Muslim. So while it is not permissible for a Muslim
to have an organ removed from his body to be given to someone else while he
is alive without any dire necessity or emergency, then likewise he may not
do this after his death.

Secondly, the body that has been given to a person is a trust. It is not for
him to do with it as he likes, things that Allaah has not ordered him with
nor has He legislated.

Thirdly, who will this organ go to? Will it go from the Muslims to other
Muslims, or will it go from the Muslims to the disbelievers? As for the
first case, then this is the focus of our discussion, since the second case
is strictly prohibited. It is not permissible for a Muslim to donate one of
his organs to a disbeliever. This is what seems apparent to me, and Allaah
knows best.

So in the first case, a Muslim donating to another Muslim, this is the focus
of our discussion. What seems apparent to me is that a fatwaa must be sought
from a scholar for each and every situation, since each situation has its
own distinct and specific details.

So the scholar will look into each case separately. Does this patient's life
depend solely upon this organ? Or is this donor dead or only brain-dead? The
scholars of fiqh have discussed this issue - Is being brain-dead considered
a true death or not?

So the reality is that each and every situation requires an independent
study. We are not able to issue one general verdict for all of these
different cases, due to the great number of factors and problems involved.

So I say that each case must be studied independently by a council of the
people of knowledge and specialization who look into all the details of the
operation, so they can issue a verdict about the permissibility of taking
that organ or not.

Some of the brothers have mentioned to me that a large number of
transplants, or the majority of them, are not successful. They also
mentioned that the majority of kidney transplants are unsuccessful as well.
Usually the doctors acknowledge the likely rate of success, but the people
do not heed this and they seek to donate their organs and promote
transplanting, to the point that some people actually gather organs and sell
them. All of these kinds of affairs are dangerous violations of the
Sharee'ah.

What is obligatory on us is to restrict this issue to the individual
verdicts of the people of knowledge and specialization who consult
trustworthy doctors. They research each case and issue a verdict specific to
it, and Allaah knows best.

SOURCE

This was translated exclusively for www.bakkah.net from a cassette recording
with the knowledge and permission of the shaykh, file no. AAMB039, dated
1423/8/17.



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abdulbaasit.malik -- 03-18-2003 @ 12:00 AM
JazakAllahu khair akhi. I have a question relating to the topic,
what is the Islamic ruling with regards to donating blood?
Here in the uk, hospitals organise certain days where they ask people to
donate blood and the donor does not know whom the blood will be given to?
Is this permissible?



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UmmAbdAziz -- 03-19-2003 @ 12:00 AM
Bismillah

Assalamu Alaikum wa Rahmatullah wa Barakatuhu,

The shaykh stated "So the scholar will look into each case separately. Does
this patient's life depend solely upon this organ? Or is this donor dead or
only brain-dead? The scholars of fiqh have discussed this issue - Is being
brain-dead considered a true death or not? "

Can someone please post here what the scholars have said about brain dead
please.

Jazakumullah Khairan

Was Salamu Alaikum wa Rahmatullah wa Barakatuhu

Ibn Umar (d. 84H) said: "Every innovation is misguidance, even if the people
see it as something good." (Reported by Abu Shaamah no. 39)

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