GenN
21-10-03, 11:26 AM
Q.) We in Long Island, NY, USA are a multiethnic Muslim community who runs a mosque. It is one of the largest mosque in Long Island (Alhamdolillah). Our Imam has started adding Qanoot-e-Naazilah in every salat including Zuhr and Asr prayers where recitation is not done loudly but he makes du'a in the last rak'at loudly, and he does the same thing in other three prayers too. He is also reciting many other du'as in addition to Qanoot-e Naazilah. Majority of the people behind him are Hanafi although Shafii and Maliki are also there. My question is what is the fiqh position of this act according to all school of thoughts? Is it allowed in the Sunnah of Muhammed, peace be upon him? How much and what is allowed to make dua during this act?
A.) According to the Hanafi Madhab, Qunoot-e-Naazila will only be recited at times of hardship, difficulties and when the Ummah has been affected by calamities. This Qunoot Naazila can only be recited by the Imaam in the Fajr Salat after Ruku before going down for Sajdah in the second Rakaat. It cannot be recited in any other Salat besides Fajr Salat.
According to the Shaafi'ee Madhab, the general Qunoot has to be recited in the daily Fajr Salat. When in times of difficulty and need, then the Qunoot-e-Naazila may be recited in all prayers. The Imaam and also one who is performing Salat individually both may recite it audibly even though it is Dhuhr or Asr Salat
According to the Maaliki Madhab, the general Qunoot can be recited in Fajr Salat only. However, there is no obligation to recite it (as in the Shaafi'ee Madhab). It may be recited softly in the Fajr Salat only and not in any of the other prayers, even though the need arises because of difficult and severe conditions
According to the Hanbali Madhab, Qunoot Naazila can be recited during difficult situations with the exception of plague. If people are affected by plague, then Qunoot-e-Naazila cannot be recited for them. The Qunoot-e-Naazila may be recited in all prayers besides Jummu'ah. The Imaam will recite it after the Ruku and it is Sunnat for the followers to follow by stretching out their hands in front of their chest (as in du'a). When the Qunoot is over, they should wipe their hands over their faces.
As for the actual du'a, then according to all the schools of thought, it is preferable to recite the du'as that have been narrated in the Ahaadith. However, other du'as are permitted. The du'as must be in Arabic and must not resemble Kalaamun-Naas (talk of people).
We are not fully aware of the situation, however, outwardly it seems as though the Imaam in your Masjid is a follower of the Shaafii Madhab.
And Allah Ta'ala Knows Best
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Evidence of Qunoot-e-Nazilah
Hadith 1:
Hadhrat Nu’maan ibn Basheer (Radhiallaahu Anhu) narrates that Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) said, ‘You will see the believers in their mutual mercy for one another, mutual love for one another, and mutual companion for one another like a body. When one limb (of the body) complains, that effects the entire body by being awake and having fever.’ (Mishkaat pg.422; Qadeemi)
Hadith 2:
Hadhrat Abu Musa (Radhiallaahu Anhu) narrates that Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) said, ‘A believer to a believer is like a building that strengthens one another (with each brick).’ (Ibid)
Hadith 3:
Hadhrat Ibn Umar (Radhiallaahu Anhu) narrates that Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) said, ‘A Muslim is a brother of another Muslim, so do not oppress him and do not hand him over (to the mercy of the enemies when he is in trouble).’ (Ibid)
Hadith 4:
Hadhrat Aamir ibn Maalik, the leader of the tribe of Bani Sulaym requested the help of Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) against the enemies of his tribe. Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) accepted his request and sent seventy Sahaaba (Radhiallaahu Anhum) who were Qurraa (experts in the recitation of the noble Qur’aan). The tribe of Banu Sulaym surrounded these Sahaaba (Radhiallaahu Anhum) by a place called Bir Ma’oona and murdered them.
Jibraaeel (Alayhis salaam) informed Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) of the incident and conveyed to him the heartfelt message of the Qurraa:
‘Inform our people that we met our Rabb. He was pleased with us and (in turn) pleased us.’
This incident caused great grief to Rasulullah. Abdullah ibn Mas’ood (Radhiallaahu Anhu) narrates that Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) recited Qunoot Naazila for one month continuously cursing the tribe of Bani Sulaym. (Bukhari vol.2 pg.586; Thanwi)
In view of the above, the Fuqahaa have ruled that when the Ummat is in a crisis, they should follow the Sunnah practise of Qunoot-e-Naazila and make Du’aa for the Ummah.
Once again Daarul Islaam (Afghanistan) and Daarul Kufr (America and its allies) are at crossroads and we should resort to the Sunnat practise of Qunoot-e-Naazila.
METHOD OF QUNOOT-E-NAAZILA:
In Fajr Salaat, after the Ruku of the second Rakaat, the Imaam will make audible Du’aa. The Muqtadee (followers) will listen to the Du’aa and say, ‘Aameen’ softly during the pauses of the Imaam’s Du’aa. (Fataawa Mahmoodiyyah vol.2 pg.138)
The Muqtadis will not recite the Du’aa with the Imaam. (I’elaa-us-Sunan vol.6 pg.120; Idaratul Qur’aan)
The Imaam and the Muqtadis should not raise their hands during the Du’aa. The hands should be left by their sides. (Shaami vol.2 pg.9; HM Saeed)
Upon completion of the Du’aa, they will go into Sajdah and complete the Salaat as normal.
Qunoot-e-Naazila may be recited by the Imaam during Fajr Salaat. A Munfarid (person performing Fardh Salaat individually) may not recite Qunoot-e-Naazila. (Shaami vol.2 pg.11; HM Saeed)
One may also recite Qunoot-e-Naazila in Nafl Salaat, performed individually during the night. (Fataawa Mahmoodiya vol.2 pg.138)
Females may also recite Qunoot-e-Naazila in Nafl Salaat.
THE QUNOOT (Dua for protection against Natural Disater, Plague and War.):
Allahummahdini fi man hadayta, wa Afini fi man Afayta, wa tawallani fi man tawallayta, wa barik li fi man A'a tait, wa qini sharra ma qadayta, fa innaka taqdi wala yuqda alayka, wa innahu la yadhillu man wa layta, tabarakta rabbana wata alayt.
O Allah! Guide me along with those who have been guided aright and grant me safety along with those who have been granted safety and patronise me along with those who have been patronised and add your blessing to what You have given me and save me from the injurious effects to what you have ordained. You alone dispose and no other can dispose against you. One who is under Your Protection cannot be lowered. You are full of blessing and Most High.
THEN RECITE THE FOLLOWING:
Allâhummaghfir lilmu’minina wal mu’minât, wal muslimina wal muslimât, wa allif bayna qulübihim, wa aslih dhâta baynihim, wansurhum alâ aduwwika wa ala aduwwihim Allâhummal an kafarata ahlil kitâbil-ladhina yukadh-dhibüna rusulak, wa yuqâtiluna awliyâ-’ak. Allâhumma khâlif bayna kalimati-him, wazaizil aqdămahum wa anzil bihim ba’sakal ladhi lâ tarudduhu anil qawmil mujrimin.
O Allah forgive all the Mu ‘min men and women and all Muslim men and women. Unite their hearts with mutual love and set aright their mutual affairs and help them against Your and their enemies. 0 Allah let Your curse be on those disbelievers from among the people of the book who belie the Prophets and who fight Your chosen ones. 0 Allah disunite them and shake their feet and send upon them your punishment, which you do not turn away from sinning people
Article taken (with Thanks) from Islam.tc, Jamiat KZN and Darul-Ifta - Madrassah In'ammiyyah
A.) According to the Hanafi Madhab, Qunoot-e-Naazila will only be recited at times of hardship, difficulties and when the Ummah has been affected by calamities. This Qunoot Naazila can only be recited by the Imaam in the Fajr Salat after Ruku before going down for Sajdah in the second Rakaat. It cannot be recited in any other Salat besides Fajr Salat.
According to the Shaafi'ee Madhab, the general Qunoot has to be recited in the daily Fajr Salat. When in times of difficulty and need, then the Qunoot-e-Naazila may be recited in all prayers. The Imaam and also one who is performing Salat individually both may recite it audibly even though it is Dhuhr or Asr Salat
According to the Maaliki Madhab, the general Qunoot can be recited in Fajr Salat only. However, there is no obligation to recite it (as in the Shaafi'ee Madhab). It may be recited softly in the Fajr Salat only and not in any of the other prayers, even though the need arises because of difficult and severe conditions
According to the Hanbali Madhab, Qunoot Naazila can be recited during difficult situations with the exception of plague. If people are affected by plague, then Qunoot-e-Naazila cannot be recited for them. The Qunoot-e-Naazila may be recited in all prayers besides Jummu'ah. The Imaam will recite it after the Ruku and it is Sunnat for the followers to follow by stretching out their hands in front of their chest (as in du'a). When the Qunoot is over, they should wipe their hands over their faces.
As for the actual du'a, then according to all the schools of thought, it is preferable to recite the du'as that have been narrated in the Ahaadith. However, other du'as are permitted. The du'as must be in Arabic and must not resemble Kalaamun-Naas (talk of people).
We are not fully aware of the situation, however, outwardly it seems as though the Imaam in your Masjid is a follower of the Shaafii Madhab.
And Allah Ta'ala Knows Best
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Evidence of Qunoot-e-Nazilah
Hadith 1:
Hadhrat Nu’maan ibn Basheer (Radhiallaahu Anhu) narrates that Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) said, ‘You will see the believers in their mutual mercy for one another, mutual love for one another, and mutual companion for one another like a body. When one limb (of the body) complains, that effects the entire body by being awake and having fever.’ (Mishkaat pg.422; Qadeemi)
Hadith 2:
Hadhrat Abu Musa (Radhiallaahu Anhu) narrates that Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) said, ‘A believer to a believer is like a building that strengthens one another (with each brick).’ (Ibid)
Hadith 3:
Hadhrat Ibn Umar (Radhiallaahu Anhu) narrates that Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) said, ‘A Muslim is a brother of another Muslim, so do not oppress him and do not hand him over (to the mercy of the enemies when he is in trouble).’ (Ibid)
Hadith 4:
Hadhrat Aamir ibn Maalik, the leader of the tribe of Bani Sulaym requested the help of Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) against the enemies of his tribe. Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) accepted his request and sent seventy Sahaaba (Radhiallaahu Anhum) who were Qurraa (experts in the recitation of the noble Qur’aan). The tribe of Banu Sulaym surrounded these Sahaaba (Radhiallaahu Anhum) by a place called Bir Ma’oona and murdered them.
Jibraaeel (Alayhis salaam) informed Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) of the incident and conveyed to him the heartfelt message of the Qurraa:
‘Inform our people that we met our Rabb. He was pleased with us and (in turn) pleased us.’
This incident caused great grief to Rasulullah. Abdullah ibn Mas’ood (Radhiallaahu Anhu) narrates that Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) recited Qunoot Naazila for one month continuously cursing the tribe of Bani Sulaym. (Bukhari vol.2 pg.586; Thanwi)
In view of the above, the Fuqahaa have ruled that when the Ummat is in a crisis, they should follow the Sunnah practise of Qunoot-e-Naazila and make Du’aa for the Ummah.
Once again Daarul Islaam (Afghanistan) and Daarul Kufr (America and its allies) are at crossroads and we should resort to the Sunnat practise of Qunoot-e-Naazila.
METHOD OF QUNOOT-E-NAAZILA:
In Fajr Salaat, after the Ruku of the second Rakaat, the Imaam will make audible Du’aa. The Muqtadee (followers) will listen to the Du’aa and say, ‘Aameen’ softly during the pauses of the Imaam’s Du’aa. (Fataawa Mahmoodiyyah vol.2 pg.138)
The Muqtadis will not recite the Du’aa with the Imaam. (I’elaa-us-Sunan vol.6 pg.120; Idaratul Qur’aan)
The Imaam and the Muqtadis should not raise their hands during the Du’aa. The hands should be left by their sides. (Shaami vol.2 pg.9; HM Saeed)
Upon completion of the Du’aa, they will go into Sajdah and complete the Salaat as normal.
Qunoot-e-Naazila may be recited by the Imaam during Fajr Salaat. A Munfarid (person performing Fardh Salaat individually) may not recite Qunoot-e-Naazila. (Shaami vol.2 pg.11; HM Saeed)
One may also recite Qunoot-e-Naazila in Nafl Salaat, performed individually during the night. (Fataawa Mahmoodiya vol.2 pg.138)
Females may also recite Qunoot-e-Naazila in Nafl Salaat.
THE QUNOOT (Dua for protection against Natural Disater, Plague and War.):
Allahummahdini fi man hadayta, wa Afini fi man Afayta, wa tawallani fi man tawallayta, wa barik li fi man A'a tait, wa qini sharra ma qadayta, fa innaka taqdi wala yuqda alayka, wa innahu la yadhillu man wa layta, tabarakta rabbana wata alayt.
O Allah! Guide me along with those who have been guided aright and grant me safety along with those who have been granted safety and patronise me along with those who have been patronised and add your blessing to what You have given me and save me from the injurious effects to what you have ordained. You alone dispose and no other can dispose against you. One who is under Your Protection cannot be lowered. You are full of blessing and Most High.
THEN RECITE THE FOLLOWING:
Allâhummaghfir lilmu’minina wal mu’minât, wal muslimina wal muslimât, wa allif bayna qulübihim, wa aslih dhâta baynihim, wansurhum alâ aduwwika wa ala aduwwihim Allâhummal an kafarata ahlil kitâbil-ladhina yukadh-dhibüna rusulak, wa yuqâtiluna awliyâ-’ak. Allâhumma khâlif bayna kalimati-him, wazaizil aqdămahum wa anzil bihim ba’sakal ladhi lâ tarudduhu anil qawmil mujrimin.
O Allah forgive all the Mu ‘min men and women and all Muslim men and women. Unite their hearts with mutual love and set aright their mutual affairs and help them against Your and their enemies. 0 Allah let Your curse be on those disbelievers from among the people of the book who belie the Prophets and who fight Your chosen ones. 0 Allah disunite them and shake their feet and send upon them your punishment, which you do not turn away from sinning people
Article taken (with Thanks) from Islam.tc, Jamiat KZN and Darul-Ifta - Madrassah In'ammiyyah