~Glossary of Arabic Terms ~

[Ammarah]

Words starting with A



A'uzu billahi minashaitanir rajim ()

This is an expression and a statement that Muslims have to recite before reading to Qur'an, before speaking, before doing any work, before making a supplication, before taking ablution, before entering the wash room, and before doing many other daily activities. The meaning of this phrase is:I seek refuge from Allah from the outcast Satan.Allah is the Arabic name of God.

Satan is the source of evil and he always tries to misguide and mislead people. The Qur'an states that Satan is not an angel but a member of the Jinn, which are spiritual beings created by Allah. So the belief that Satan is a fallen angel is rejected in Islam.
(Source:MSA-USC)


A.H.(After Hijrah) ()

means After Hijrah. It is the reference used in the Islamic calender, instead of A.D. which is used in the Christian calender.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Abd ()
A prefix used in many Muslim male names in conjunction with a divine attribute of God, meaning "servant." Examples include Abd-Allah ("servant of God"), Abd al-Rahman ("servant of the Most Merciful"), and Abd al-Khaliq ("servant of the Creator"). (Source:CIE)



Adhan (AADHAN ADHAAN AZAN)

The call for the daily prayers are called Adhan. The person who calls the Adhan is called a Mu'adhin. A Mu'adhin calls the Adhan five times a day before Muslims are to perform their daily Salah (Prayer).

The Adhan is composed of specific words and phrases to be recited loudly in the Arabic language so that the neighbors can recognize the time schedule for the prayers.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Adhan (ad-haan)
The Muslim call to worship. The adhan consists of specific phrases, recited aloud in Arabic prior to each of the five daily worship times. Upon hearing the adhan, Muslims discontinue all activity and assemble at a local masjid for formal communal worship. (Source:CIE)


Adl (adil)
Justice and equity. A fundamental value governing all social behaviour and forming the basis of all social dealings and legal framework.(Source:IslamIQ)


Afdal ()
The best.(Source:IslamIQ)

AH ()
After Hijra. Hijra means emigration. The Islamic calendar starts from the day the Holy Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.), emigrated from Mekkah to Madinah, in 622 A.D.(Source:IslamIQ)


Ahadeeth ()
Sayings and traditions of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.). Singular: Hadith.(Source:IslamIQ)


Ahl al-Kitab (ahl al-kee-taab)
Literally, "People of the Book." This term, found in the Qur'an, describes adherents of divinely revealed religions that preceeded Islam. Most commonly, the term refers to Jews and Christians, and confers upon these two groups a special status within Muslim society, owing to the monotheistic basis of their religions. (Source:CIE)


Ahl ar-ra'y ()

means people of opinion. It is refers to people that are consulted on Islamic matters. These people are highly learned in Islam.
(Source:MSA-USC)



Ahliyah ()
Legal capacity.(Source:IslamIQ)


Ahliyat al-add' ()
Legal capacity for execution.(Source:IslamIQ)


Ahliyat al-wujub ()
Legal capacity for the acquisition of rights and obligations.(Source:IslamIQ)


Ahlul Kitab Wa Sunnah ()
Literally means "the People of the Book (the Holy Qur'an) and the sayings and traditions, i.e. the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.)".(Source:IslamIQ)


Ahzab ()

means parties. Ahzab is used to describe the different tribes that fought the Muslims in the Battle of the Ditch in 627 C.E., 5 A.H..
(Source:MSA-USC)


Ajrul Mithl ()
A remuneration based on what is customary in the community.(Source:IslamIQ)


Al-Aamilu-Alaz-Zakah ()
Zakah collector.(Source:IslamIQ)


Al-asharatu mubashshirun ()

the ten people that were given the glad tiddings of assurance of entering Paradise. They were Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, Ali, Abdur Rahman ibn Awf, Abu Ubaydah ibn al-Jarrah, Talhah ibn Ubaydullah, az-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas, Sa'id ibn Zayd.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Al-hamdu lillahi rabbil 'alamin (AL-HAMDO LILLAHI RABBIL 'ALAMIN)

This is a verse from the Qur'an that Muslims recite and say many times per day. Other than being recited daily during prayers, a Muslim reads this expression in every activity of his daily life. The meaning of it is:Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds.

A Muslim invokes the praises of Allah before he does his daily work; and when he finishes, he thanks Allah for His favors. A Muslim is grateful to Allah for all His blessings. It is a statement of thanks, appreciation, and gratitude from the creature to his Creator.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Al-Qard al-Hassan ()
Loans fixed for a definite period of time without interest or profit sharing.(Source:IslamIQ)


Al-Wadi'ah ()
This refers to deposits in trust, in which a person may hold property in trust for another, sometimes by implication of a contract.(Source:IslamIQ)


Al-Wakalah al Mutlaqa ()
Resale of goods with a discount on the original stated cost.(Source:IslamIQ)


Alaihis Salaam ()
May Allah's peace be upon him. May also be abbreviated to A.S. A phrase which is usually read after the name of a prophet other than Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.) is mentioned.(Source:IslamIQ)


Alim (AALIM)

a learned person in Islam, scholar.
(Source:MSA-USC)



Allah (ALLA ALAH)

The true name for the creator of the Universe is Allah. He is the Merciful, the Beneficent, the Knowledgeable, the Protector, the Mighty, the God, the Provider, the Exalted, the Lord, the All-Knowing, the All-Hearing, the All-Seeing, the Magnificent, the Wise, the Loving, the First, the Last, and the Eternal.

The Qur'an mentions around 100 beautiful names for Allah through which Muslims may understand and recognize Him, and His responsibilities for the whole Universe.
(Source:MSA-USC)



Allah (al-lah)
Literally, "The God." Muslims use this Arabic term as the proper name for God. Muslims view Allah as the Creator and Sustainer of everything in the universe, Who is transcendent, has no physical form, and has no associates who share in His divinity. In the Qur'an, God is described as having at least ninety-nine Divine Names, which describe His attributes. (Source:CIE)


Allahu akbar (ALLAHOO AKBAR ALLAHU AKBER ALLAHOO AKBER ALLAH AKBAR)

This statement is said by Muslims numerous times. During the call for prayer, during prayer, when they are happy, and wish to express their approval of what they hear, when they slaughter an animal, and when they want to praise a speaker, Muslims do say this expression of Allahu Akbar. Actually it is most said expression in the world. Its meaning:Allah is the Greatest.Muslims praise Allah in every aspect of life; and as such they say Allahu Akbar.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Allahu Akbar (al-lah-hu uck-bar)
This phrase, known as the Takbir, means "God is Greatest" and is uttered by Muslims at various times. Most often it is pronounced during the daily worship, but Muslims also use it to express happiness, surprise, regret, thankfulness, fear, or approval, thereby reinforcing their belief that all things come from God. (Source:CIE)


Almsgiving Tax ()
See Zakah. (Source:CIE)


Amanah ()
Something given to someone for safekeeping. Trust. The contract of amanah gives rise to fiduciary relationships and duties.(Source:IslamIQ)


Ameen (Amin)
Custodian or guardian.(Source:IslamIQ)
Amin (AAMIN AAMEEN AMEEN)

means custodian or guardian. Someone who is loyal or faithful.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Amir ()

means leader or commander.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Amir al-mumineen ()

means commander of the belivers. This title was given to the Khalifah.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Amwal ()
Wealth. In business context, Amwal means wealth that is contributed as capital in a partnership. Plural: mal.(Source:IslamIQ)


Angels ()
See Mala'ikah. (Source:CIE)


Ansar (ANSAAR)

means helpers. These were the people of Madinah who responded to the Prophet's call to Islam and offered Islam a city-state power.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Aqabah ()

a place just outside of Mecca, in Mina where the first Muslims from Yathrib Madinah pledged allegiance to the Prophet in the year 621 C.E.. A similar meeting took place the next year when more Muslims from Yathrib pledged their allegiance to the Prophet.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Aqd ()
A contract.(Source:IslamIQ)


Aqd Sahih ()
A legal contract.(Source:IslamIQ)

Aqeeda (Aqida Akeeda Akida)
Literally means belief. In Islamic terms, it means the following six articles of faith: 1. Belief in Allah, the One God. 2. Belief in Allah's angels. 3. Belief in His revealed Books. 4. Belief in His messengers. 5. Belief in the Day of Judgement. 6. Belief in Fate and the Divine Decree. (Source:Prof. Ishaq Zahid)


Arabic ()
The language of the Qur'an. Arabic is a Semitic language, used throughout the world by Muslims and non-Muslims, Arabs and non-Arabs. Historically, in Muslim civilization Arabic became the language of learning and scholarship, and was the common language for people living as far apart as Spain and China. (Source:CIE)


Arafat ()

a plain north of Mecca. It is on this plain that humanity will be raised on the Day of Judgement for questioning and judgement. During the Hajj on the ninth day of the month of Zhu-l-Hijjah, Muslim pilgrims gather on this plain for one day.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Arkan ()
The elements or essential ingredients of an act, without which the act is not legally valid.(Source:IslamIQ)


As-Salaam Alaykum ()
The traditional, time-honored greeting of Muslims, meaning "Peace be upon you." The appropriate response is "Wa Alaykum As-Salaam," meaning, "And upon you be peace also." (Source:CIE)


Asabiyyah ()

means tirbal loyalty, nationalism.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Asr ()

the late afternoon obligatory Salah, prayer.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Assalamu alaikum (ASSALAMO ALAIKUM ASALAMO ALAIKUM)

This is an expression Muslims say whenever they meet one another. It is a statement of greeting with peace. The meaning of it is:Peace be upon you.

Muslims try to establish peace on earth even through the friendly relation of greeting and meeting one another.

The other forms are:Assalamu 'Alalikum Wa Rahmatullah,which means:May the peace and the Mercy of Allah be upon you,andAssalamu Alalikum Wa Rahmatullahi Wa Barakatuh,which means :May the peace, the mercy, and the blessings of Allah be upon you.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Astaghfirullah ( ASTAGHFIRALLAH)

This is an expression used by a Muslim when he wants to ask Allah forgiveness. The meaning of it is:I ask Allah forgiveness.A Muslim says this phrase many times, even when he is talking to another person. When a Muslim abstains from doing wrong, or even when he wants to prove that he is innocent of an incident he uses this expression. After every Salah (payer), a Muslim says this statement three times.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Awqaf ()
Property voluntarily transferred to a charity or trust so that it is use for public benefits.(Source:IslamIQ)


Awqiyyah ()

means weight, like the ones used to weigh items.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Awrah ()

parts of the body that are not supposed to be exposed to others. For men this is from the navel to the knee. For the women it is all of her body except the hands, feet, and face.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Ayaat ()

it is the plural form of Ayah.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Ayah (AYA AYYAH)

The Arabic meaning of Ayah is a miracle and a sign. The Qur'an is considered to be a miracle itself. Each verse or sentence is called an Ayah or a miracle. The plural of Ayah is called Ayat, which means miracles.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Ayat-ul-kursi ()

Surah Baqara, Ayah 256 of the Quran. It is called the throne of the Quran.
(Source:MSA-USC)

[Ammarah]

Words Starting with B
Badiyyah ()

a desert or semi-arid environment.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Badr ()

the first full military confrontation between the Muslims and the enemies of Allah. The battle took place between the Muslims and the Quraish of Mecca in the second year of Hijrah (624 C.E.). Eventhough the Muslims were outnumbered, the final result was to their favor.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Bai al-urbun ()

'Urbun refers to the deposit or earnest money that the buyer gives the seller, on the understanding that it will be part of the buying price once the sale is finalized. In the event that the sale falls through the seller keeps this initial amount. Among the different schools, only the Hanabali's have validated al'urbun.(Source:IslamIQ)


Bai Mu'ajjal (Bay Mu'ajjal )

Sale based on deferred payment, either in a lump sum or instalments.

*A sale in which the parties agree that the payment of price shall be deferred is called a Bai Mu'ajjal.

*Bai Mu'ajjal is valid if the date of payment is fixed in an unambiguous manner.

*The date of payment can be fixed either with reference to a particular date, or by specifying a period, like three months, but it cannot be fixed with reference to a future event where the exact date is unknown or uncertain. If the time of payment is unknown or uncertain, the sale is void.

*If a particular period is fixed for payment, like one month, it will be deemed to commence from the time of delivery, unless the parties have agreed otherwise.

*The deferred price may be more than the cash price, but it must be fixed at the time of sale.

*Once the price is fixed, it cannot be decreased if it was paid earlier, nor can it be increased in the case of default.

*In order to ensure the buyer pays the installments promptly, the buyer may be asked to promise that in the case of default, he will donate some specified amount for a charitable purpose. In such cases, the seller may receive such an amount from the buyer, not as part of his income, but to use it for charitable purposes on behalf of the buyer.

*If the commodity is sold on installment, the seller may put a condition on the buyer that if he fails to pay any installment on its due date, the remaining installments will become due immediately.

*In order to secure the payment, the seller may ask the buyer to furnish a security whether in the form of a mortgage, a lien or a charge on any of his existing assets.
The buyer can also be asked to sign a promissory note or a Bill of Exchange, but the note or the bill cannot be sold to a third party at a price different from its face value.Bai Salam, also spelled as Bay Salam: (Source:IslamIQ)



Bai Salam (Bay Salam)

This term refers to the advance payment for goods which are delivered later. Normally, no sale can be effected unless the goods are in existence at the time of the bargain. But this type of sale is the exception to the general rule provided the goods are defined and the date of delivery is fixed. The objects of this type of sale are mainly tangible but exclude gold or silver as these are regarded as having monetary value. Barring these, bai al-salam covers almost all things which are capable of being definitely described as to quantity, quality and workmanship. One of the conditions of this type of contract is advance payment; the parties cannot reserve their option of rescinding it but the option of revoking it on account of a defect in the subject matter is allowed. It is also applied to a mode of financing adopted by Islamic banks. It is usually applied in the agricultural sector, where the bank advances money for various inputs to receive a share in the crop, which the bank sells in the market.(Source:IslamIQ)


Bai' ()
Literally means sale. Commonly used as a prefix in referring to different types of sales: Muajjal, Murabahah, Tawliyah and Wadi'ah.(Source:IslamIQ)


Bai' Bithaman Ajil (Al) (Al-Bay-Bithaman Ajil (BBA) financing)

In modern Islamic banking, the term refers to a buying and selling transaction between the bank (or financial institution) and the customer, whereby the former buys a property (or an asset, e.g. a house) at the prevailing market price and sells it to the customer at a mark-up price where payments are made by installments over a period of time agreed upon by both parties. The profit earned by the bank is legitimate from the Shari'ah point of view since the transaction is based on a sale contract rather than a loan contract. Any predetermined profit arising from the loan is prohibited in Islam as it amounts to Riba.(Source:IslamIQ)


Baitul Mal ()
An Islamic treasury intended for the community development as well as provision for Masakeen (needy Muslims).(Source:IslamIQ)


Bakka'in ()

means weepers. These were the people that could not accompany the Prophet on his campaign to Tabuk because they lacked the resources to do so. They started to weep when they could not go.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Baligh ()
One who is has reached the age of maturity.(Source:IslamIQ)

Baqi ()

the cemetery where a good many of the Sahabah are buried. It is in the south-east side of Madinah.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Barakah ()

means blessing or Divine Grace.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Barakallah (BARAKALLA BARAKALAH)

This is an expression which means:May the blessings of Allah (be upon you).When a Muslim wants to thank to another person, he uses different statements to express his thanks, appreciation, and gratitude. One of them is to sayBaraka Allah.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Basmalah ( bus-mal-lah)
Name for the Arabic formula pronounced by Muslims at various times for various reasons. The formula "Bismillah ar-Rahman ar-Raheem," means "In the Name of God, the Gracious, the Merciful" and is said before any act or activity of importance, such as travelling, eating a meal, rising from sleep, etc. (Source:CIE)


Batil ()

means false of falsehood.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Batil ()
Null and void.(Source:IslamIQ)


Batul ()

means ascetic. It is ascribed to Fatimah (the Prophets daughter) and the Virgin Mary.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Bawadi ()

plural form of Badiyyah.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Bay'ah ()

it is an oath of allegiance. To make a pledge.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Bayt al-mal ()

the State Treasury in an Islamic State.
(Source:MSA-USC)

Bi'thah ()

the beginning of the Prophet's mission, his call to Prophethood in 610 C.E..
(Source:MSA-USC)


Bismillahir rahmanir rahim ()

This is a phrase from the Qur'an that is recited before reading the Qur'an. It is to be read immediately after one reads the phrase:A'uzu Billahi Minashaitanir Rajim.

This phrase is also recited before doing any daily activity. The meaning of it is:In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.
(Source:MSA-USC)



Buraq (boo-raak)
A winged creature, unknown to earth, which transported Prophet Muhammad from Makkah to Jerusalem and thence to Heaven during his miraculous Night Journey and Ascension (Isra' and Mir'aj) in 619 C.E. (Source:CIE)


Busr ()

means partially ripe dates.
(Source:MSA-USC)

[Ammarah]

Words starting with C
Caliph ()
See Khalifah (Source:CIE)


Covenant ()

a solemn agreement between two or more persons or groups, a compact between God and man. The Old Testament tells of the covenant the Jews made with Allah.
(Source:MSA-USC)

[Ammarah]

Words starting with D
Da'iy ()

Muslim missionary involved in Da'wah. It can also have a general meaning reffering to someone who calls others to a certain belief.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Da'wah ()

inviting others to Islam. Missionary work.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Daff ()

tambourine used in Arabia.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Daroorah ()
Necessity.(Source:IslamIQ)


Day of Judgement ()
Belief in the Day of Judgement is a basic article of faith in Islam. After God ends the present world and order of creation, a day will follow on which He will judge every person according to his or her intentions, deeds, and circumstances. Judgement by God is followed by punishment in Hell or eternal reward in Paradise. (Source:CIE)


Dayn ()
Loan or debt.(Source:IslamIQ)


Declaration of Faith ()
See Shahadah. (Source:CIE)


Deen ()
A term commonly used to mean "religion," but actually referring to the totality of Muslim beliefs and practices. Thus, Islam as a deen is a "complete way of life." (Source:CIE)


Dhaman al-'Amal ()
Liability underlying a partnership formed on the basis of labor, where the partner is liable for performing the contract or completing the work accepted by either partner.(Source:IslamIQ)


Dhaman al-Thaman ()
Liability underlying a partnership formed on the basis of credit-worthiness where each partner is liable, jointly and severally, for paying the price of goods bought on credit.(Source:IslamIQ)

Dhikr (dhik-er)
Remembrance of Allah [God] through verbal or mental repetition of His divine attributes or various religious formulas, such as "Soob-han Allah," meaning "Glory be to God." Dhikr is a common practice among all Muslims, but is especially emphasized by Sufis. (Source:CIE)


Dhimmi ()

a non-Muslim living under the protection of a Muslim state. He is exempt from duties of Islam like military and zakah but must instead pay a tax called jizyah.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Dhu-n nurayn (ZHU-N NURAYN)

it means 'Possessor of the Two Lights'. It is used to refer to Uthman ibn Affan because he married two of the Prophet's daughters.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Diminishing Musharakah ()
Another form of Musharakah (a financing mode), developed in recent years. According to this concept, a financier and his client participate either in the joint ownership of a property or equipment, or in a joint commercial enterprise. The share of the financier is further divided into a number of units and it is understood that the client will purchase the units of the share of the financier one by one periodically, thus increasing his own share until all the units of the financier are purchased by him so as to make him the sole owner of the property, or the commercial enterprise, as the case may be.(Source:IslamIQ)


Din ()

means way of life or religion.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Dinar ()
Gold coinage; one dinar is 4.4 grams of gold.(Source:IslamIQ)


Dirham ()
Name of a unit of currency, usually a silver coin used in the past in several Muslim countries and still used in some Muslim countries, such as Morocco and United Arab Emirates.(Source:IslamIQ)

Dome of the Rock ()
Name of the famous masjid in Jerusalem built around 691 C.E. by the Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik. The rock within the masjid structure is believed to be the point from which Muhammad was miraculously ascended to Heaven in 619 C.E. (Source:CIE)


Du'a (doo-ah)
Term designating personal prayer, supplication, and communication with God, as distinct from salah (formal worship). Muslims make du'as for many reasons and at various times, such as after salah, before eating a meal, before retiring to sleep, or to commemorate an auspicious occasion such as the birth of a child. Personal du'as can be made in any language, whereas salah is performed in Arabic. (Source:CIE)


Du'at ()

plural of da'iy.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Dunya ()

this world or life, as opposed to the Hereafer.
(Source:MSA-USC)

[Ammarah]

Words starting with E
Eid (EED 'EID)

The word 'Eid is an Arabic name to mean a festivity, a celebration, a recurring happiness, and a feast. In Islam, there are two major 'Eids namely the feast of Ramadhan ('EId Al-Fitr) and the Feast of Sacrifice ('Eid Al-Adhha). The first 'Eid is celebrated by Muslims after fasting the month of Ramadhan as a matter of thanks and gratitude to Almighty Allah. It takes place on the first day of Shawwal, the tenth month of the lunar calendar. The second 'Eid is the Feast of Sacrifice and it is to be celebrated for the memory of prophet Ibrahim trying to sacrifice his son Isma'il (Ishmael). This 'Eid lasts four days between the tenth and the thirteenth day of Zul-Hijjah, the twelfth month of the lunar calendar.
(Source:MSA-USC)

[Ammarah]

Words starting with F
Fa'idah ()
Benefit. In investment context it means return on investment.(Source:IslamIQ)


Fadl (Riba) ()
A type of interest. Taking something of superior quality in exchange for the same kind of thing of poorer quality. Allah Subhana wa Ta'ala has strictly prohibited any kind of Riba and has warned of severe punishment for those who have any association with it. See the Holy Qur' an, Surah Al-Baqara (2):275-280(Source:IslamIQ)


Fajr ()

the obligatory salah, prayer, before sunrise.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Falas ()
: Bankrupt(Source:IslamIQ)


Faqeeh ()
An Islamic scholar who can give an authoritative legal opinion or judgement.(Source:IslamIQ)


Faqih ()

a person who is an expert on Islamic jurisprudence (law), fiqh.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Faqir ()
A poor person.(Source:IslamIQ)


Fard ()

something which is obligatory on a Muslim. It is sometimes used in reference to the obligatory part of salaah.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Fard 'Ain ()
An action which is obligatory on every Muslim.(Source:IslamIQ)


Fard al-Kifayah ()
Collective duty. A duty on the whole community. However, if the duty has been fulfilled by a part of that community then the rest are not obliged to fulfill it.(Source:IslamIQ)


Faruq (Farooq Farouk Farook)

this was the name given to Umar ibn Al-Khattab. It means 'One who distinguishes the truth from falsehood'.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Fasiq ()

One of corrupt moral character who engages in various sins.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Fasting ()
See Sawm. (Source:CIE)


Fatwa ()
A legal verdict given on a religious basis. The sources on which a fatwa is based are the Holy Qur'an, Sahih Bukhari and Muslim, and all other authenticated Ahadeeth. Plural: Fatawa.(Source:IslamIQ)


Festivities ()

Other than the two general feasts, there are few festivities that Muslims do enjoy. These are related to different activities or functions. Some of these activities are:





'Aqiqah: It is a dinner reception to be made after a child is born. Relatives, friends, and neighbors are invited for such an occasion.


Walimah: It is a dinner reception to be made after a marriage is consummated. It is offered by the parents and/or by the married couples. Friends, relatives, and neighbors are also invited.



(Source:MSA-USC)


Fidyah ()
Compensation for missing or wrongly practising necessary acts of worship.Fidyah usually takes the form of donating money or foodstuff, or sacrificing an animal.(Source:IslamIQ)

Fiqh ( FIQAH FIQHA)

The meaning of the word fiqh is understanding, comprehension, knowledge, and jurisprudence in Islam. A jurist is called a Faqih who is an expert in matters of Islamic legal matters.

A Faqih is to pass verdicts within the rules of the Islamic Law namely Shariah.

The most famous scholars of Fiqh in the history Muslims are the founders of the four schools of thought in Islam: Imam Malik, Imam Ash-Shafi'i, Imam Abu Hanifah, and Imam Ahmad.

Anything or action in Islam falls within the following five categories of Fiqh:





Fardh (Must): This category is a must for the Muslim to do such as the five daily prayers. Doing the Fardh counts as a good deed, and not doing it is considered a bad deed or a sin.

It is also called Wajib except for Imam Abu Hanifah who makes Wajib a separate category between the Fardh and the Mubah.


Mandub (Recommended): This category is recommended for the Muslim to do such as extra prayers after Zuhr and Maghrib. Doing the Mandub counts as a good deed and not doing it does not count as a bad deed or a sin.


Mubah (Allowed): This category is left undecided and left for the person, such as eating apples or oranges. Doing or not doing the Mubah does not count as a good or bad deed.

Intention of the person can change Mubah to Fard, Mandub, Makruh, or Haram.

Other things could also change the status of the Mubah. For example, any Mubah becomes Haram if it is proven harmful, and any necessary thing to fulfill a Fardh is a Fardh too.


Makruh (Hated): This category is a detested and hated such as growing fingernails or sleeping on the stomach. Not doing the Makruh counts as a good deed and doing it does not count as a bad deed.


Haram (Prohibited): This category is prohibited for the Muslim to do such as stealing and lying. Doing the haram counts as a bad deed and not doing it counts as a good deed.




Imam Abu Hanifah also puts another category between the Makruh and the Haram. It is called Karahah Tahrimiyyah which means hated almost to the level of Haram.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Fitnah ()

means civil strife, war, riots.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Fitrah (fit-rah)
An Arabic term designating the innate, original spiritual orientation of every human being towards God the Creator. Muslims believe that God endowed everything in Creation with a tendency towards goodness, piety and God-consciousness, and that one's environment, upbringing, and circumstances serve to enhance or obscure this tendency. (Source:CIE)


Five Pillars of Islam, The ()
A term referring to the five core religious practices incumbent upon all Muslims, and which demonstrate a Muslim's commitment to God in word and in deed. They are as follows(Source:CIE)


Fuqaha ()

plural form of faqih.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Fuqahaa ()
Jurists.(Source:IslamIQ

[Ammarah]

Words starting with G
Gabriel ()
See Jibreel. (Source:CIE)


Gharar ()
Uncertainty, hazard, chance or risk, ambiguity and uncertainty in transactions. Technically, the sale of something which is not present at hand; or the sale of something where the consequences or outcome is not known. It can also be a sale involving risk or hazard in which one does not know whether it will come to be or not, such as fish in water or a bird in the air; or an event where assurance or non-assurance is subject to chance and thus not known to parties of a transaction. Can also mean uncertainty or a hazard that is likely to lead to a dispute in a contract.(Source:IslamIQ)


Gharim ()
A person in debt.(Source:IslamIQ)


Ghazi ()

Muslim soldier, warrior.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Ghazwah ()

military expedition.
(Source:MSA-USC)


Ghusl ()
The full ritual washing of the body with water alone to be pure for the prayer. to do Ghusl: 1. Wash your private parts, 2. do Wudu (ablution), 3. wash your entire body without touching your private parts again.(Source:Prof. Ishaq Zahid)


Gog and Magog (Hajuj and Majuj)
Two evil empires. They are mentioned in the Qur'an and Ahadeeth (Bukhari and Muslim) when mentioning some of the scenes just before the final hour. See Quran, Al-Anbiyaa (21:96), Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Fitan wa Isharat as-Say'ah.(Source:Prof. Ishaq Zahid)

[Talib]

JazkAllaah Khayran