Gibreel
20-04-02, 02:24 PM
The story of inquisition is more true for Muslims in Spain then the Spanish Jews as there were around six million Muslims during their long 800 years of old Rule and how they were massacred. The followings are from "GLIMPSES OF WORLD HISTORY ON "END OF FIRST MILLENNIUM AFTER CHRISR" BY JAWAHARLAL NEHRU, P. 176. 189-190. 188-192:
A historian, carried away by his enthusiasm a little, has said that:
"The Moors organized that wonderful kingdom of Corhdova, which was the marvel of the Middle Ages, and which, when all Europe was plunged in barbaric ignorance and strife, alone held the torch of learning and civilization bright and shining before the Western world." Kurtuba (Cordova) was capital of this Kingdom for just 500 years. Kurtuba was the capital of this kingdom for just 500 years. This is usually called Cordoba in English, sometimes Cordova. I am afraid I have a way of spelling the same name differently at times. But I shall try to stick to Cordoba. This was a great city of a million inhabitants, a garden city ten miles in length, with twenty-four miles of suburbs. There are said to have been 60,000 palaces and 700 public baths. These figures may be exaggerations, but they give some idea of the city. There were many libraries, the chief of these, the Imperial Library of the Emir, containing 400,000 books. The University of Cordoba was famous all over Europe and even in western Asia. Free elementary schools for the poor abounded. A historian says that: "In Spain almost everybody knew how to read and write, whilst in Christian Europe, save and except the clergy, even persons belonging to the highest ranks were wholly ignorant. Such was the city of Cordova, competing with the other great Arab city of Baghdad. Its fame spread all over Europe and a German writer of the tenth century called it "the ornament of the world". To its university came students from distant places. The influence of Arab philosophy spread to the other great universities of Europe, Paris, Oxford and the universities of northern Italy. Averroes or Ibn Rushd was a famous philosopher of Cordova in the twelfth century. In his later years he fell out with the Spanish Emir and was banished. He went and settled in Paris.
As in other parts of Europe, there was a kind of feudal system in Spain also. Great and powerful nobles grew up, and between them and the Emir, who was the ruler, there was frequent fighting.
An English historian, Lane Poole, writing of the Saracens in Spain says:
"For centuries Spain had been the center of civilization, the seat of arts and sciences, of learning and every form of refined enlightenment. No other country in Europe had so far approached the cultivated dominion of the Moors. The brief brilliancy of Ferdinand and Isabella, and of the Empire of Charles, could found no such enduring pre-eminence. The Moors were banished; for a while Christian Spain shone, like the moon, with a borrowed light; then came the eclipse, and in that darkness Spain has grovelled ever since. The true memorial of the Moors is seen in desolate tracts of utter barrenness, where once the Moors grew luxuriant vines and olives and yellow ears of corn; in a stupid, ignorant stagnation and degradation of a people which has hopelessly fallen in the scale of nations, and has deserved its humiliation. In central and western Asia we see the remnants of the Abbaside Empire of Baghdad. Baghdad still flourishes, and indeed is increasing in power under a newest of rulers, the Seljuq Turks.But the old empire has slit up into many kingdoms. Islam has ceased to be one empire and has become merely the religion of many countries and peoples. Out of the wreck of the Abbaside Empire has arisen the kingdom of Ghazni, which Mahmud has ruled and from which he has swooped down on India. But though the Empire of Baghdad has broken up, Baghdad itself continues to be a great city, attracting artists and learned men from distances. Many great and famous cities also flourish in central Asia at this time Bokhara, Samarqand, Balkh and others. And extensive trade is carried on between them and great caravans carry merchandise from one to the other.
The Spanish Christians seem to have been very much against washing and bathing. Perhaps they objected to these simply because the Spanish Arabs were very fond of them and had erected great public baths all over the place. The Christians even went so far as to issue orders "for the reformation of the Moriscos" or Moors or Arabs, that "Neither themselves, their women, nor any other persons, should be permitted to wash or bathe themselves either at home or elsewhere; and that all their bathing houses should be pulled down and destroyed".
Apart from the sin of washing, another great charge brought against the "Moriscos" was that they were tolerant in religion.It is extraordinary to read of this, and yet this was one of the main charges in an account of the "Archbishop of Valencia in 1602, when he was recommending the expulsion of Saracens from Spain. Referring to this he says, "that they (the Moriscos) commended nothing so much as that liberty of conscience in all matters of religion, which the Turks, and all other Mohammedans, suffer their subjects to enjoy". What a great compliment was thus paid unwittingly to the Saracens in Spain, and how different and intolerant was the outlook of the Spanish Christians! Millions of Saracens were driven out forcibly from Spain, mostly into Africa,some to France. The Arabs had been in Spain for seven hundred years; and during this long period they had become to a large extent merged in the people of Spanish. Probably the Spanish Arabs of later years were quite different form the Arabs of Baghdad. Even to-day the Spanish race has much of Arab blood in its veins. The Saracens had also spread to the south of France and even to Switzerland, not as rulers, but as settlers. Sometimes even now one comes across an Arab type of face among the Frenchmen from the midi. Thus ended, not only Saracens rule in Spain, but also Arab civilization. For, even earlier, this civilization had collapsed in Asia, as we shall presently see. It influenced many countries and many cultures, and left many a bright souvenir. But it did not rise again by itself in after-history. After the Saracens left, Spain, under Ferdinand and Isabella, grew power. Soon afterwards, the discovery of America brought vast wealth to it, and for a while it was the most powerful country in Europe, dominating others. But its fall was rapid and it sank into insignificance, and while the other countries of Europe advanced, Spain remained stagnant, dreaming still of the Middle Ages and not realizing that the world had changed since then. Many of the Saracens or Arab Muslims left Spain and went to Africa. Near Granada, overlooking the city, there is a spot which still bears the of "El ultimo sospiro del moro", the last sigh of the Moor. But many muslims were killed brutally along with all the Jews and for the cruelty of the so called Christianity of the west there is no trace of those muslims who ruled there for around 800 long years.
Only the ignorant and enemies of Islam will not want to talk on Caliphate. Middle East means Caliphate and nothing. A Muslim must take baya i.e. the oath of allegiance at the hand of a Caliph as it is part of faith. No nation can survive without a leader. So World Muslims can not survive without a Caliph. So called Israel was created after Sultan (Caliph) Abdul Hamid refused it and so Without Caliphate there will be no peace in This World, I repeat without Caliphate there will be no peace in this World and surely without Caliphate the World will be destroyed by those who destroyed the Caliphate.
We do not attack anyone. We only attack and ready to attack to the traitors within and outside. So accept the truth with proof. We do not conspire against any nation. We do not bribe to any separatist group of any country.
So we will not tolerate any one who will interfere in our internal affairs.
A historian, carried away by his enthusiasm a little, has said that:
"The Moors organized that wonderful kingdom of Corhdova, which was the marvel of the Middle Ages, and which, when all Europe was plunged in barbaric ignorance and strife, alone held the torch of learning and civilization bright and shining before the Western world." Kurtuba (Cordova) was capital of this Kingdom for just 500 years. Kurtuba was the capital of this kingdom for just 500 years. This is usually called Cordoba in English, sometimes Cordova. I am afraid I have a way of spelling the same name differently at times. But I shall try to stick to Cordoba. This was a great city of a million inhabitants, a garden city ten miles in length, with twenty-four miles of suburbs. There are said to have been 60,000 palaces and 700 public baths. These figures may be exaggerations, but they give some idea of the city. There were many libraries, the chief of these, the Imperial Library of the Emir, containing 400,000 books. The University of Cordoba was famous all over Europe and even in western Asia. Free elementary schools for the poor abounded. A historian says that: "In Spain almost everybody knew how to read and write, whilst in Christian Europe, save and except the clergy, even persons belonging to the highest ranks were wholly ignorant. Such was the city of Cordova, competing with the other great Arab city of Baghdad. Its fame spread all over Europe and a German writer of the tenth century called it "the ornament of the world". To its university came students from distant places. The influence of Arab philosophy spread to the other great universities of Europe, Paris, Oxford and the universities of northern Italy. Averroes or Ibn Rushd was a famous philosopher of Cordova in the twelfth century. In his later years he fell out with the Spanish Emir and was banished. He went and settled in Paris.
As in other parts of Europe, there was a kind of feudal system in Spain also. Great and powerful nobles grew up, and between them and the Emir, who was the ruler, there was frequent fighting.
An English historian, Lane Poole, writing of the Saracens in Spain says:
"For centuries Spain had been the center of civilization, the seat of arts and sciences, of learning and every form of refined enlightenment. No other country in Europe had so far approached the cultivated dominion of the Moors. The brief brilliancy of Ferdinand and Isabella, and of the Empire of Charles, could found no such enduring pre-eminence. The Moors were banished; for a while Christian Spain shone, like the moon, with a borrowed light; then came the eclipse, and in that darkness Spain has grovelled ever since. The true memorial of the Moors is seen in desolate tracts of utter barrenness, where once the Moors grew luxuriant vines and olives and yellow ears of corn; in a stupid, ignorant stagnation and degradation of a people which has hopelessly fallen in the scale of nations, and has deserved its humiliation. In central and western Asia we see the remnants of the Abbaside Empire of Baghdad. Baghdad still flourishes, and indeed is increasing in power under a newest of rulers, the Seljuq Turks.But the old empire has slit up into many kingdoms. Islam has ceased to be one empire and has become merely the religion of many countries and peoples. Out of the wreck of the Abbaside Empire has arisen the kingdom of Ghazni, which Mahmud has ruled and from which he has swooped down on India. But though the Empire of Baghdad has broken up, Baghdad itself continues to be a great city, attracting artists and learned men from distances. Many great and famous cities also flourish in central Asia at this time Bokhara, Samarqand, Balkh and others. And extensive trade is carried on between them and great caravans carry merchandise from one to the other.
The Spanish Christians seem to have been very much against washing and bathing. Perhaps they objected to these simply because the Spanish Arabs were very fond of them and had erected great public baths all over the place. The Christians even went so far as to issue orders "for the reformation of the Moriscos" or Moors or Arabs, that "Neither themselves, their women, nor any other persons, should be permitted to wash or bathe themselves either at home or elsewhere; and that all their bathing houses should be pulled down and destroyed".
Apart from the sin of washing, another great charge brought against the "Moriscos" was that they were tolerant in religion.It is extraordinary to read of this, and yet this was one of the main charges in an account of the "Archbishop of Valencia in 1602, when he was recommending the expulsion of Saracens from Spain. Referring to this he says, "that they (the Moriscos) commended nothing so much as that liberty of conscience in all matters of religion, which the Turks, and all other Mohammedans, suffer their subjects to enjoy". What a great compliment was thus paid unwittingly to the Saracens in Spain, and how different and intolerant was the outlook of the Spanish Christians! Millions of Saracens were driven out forcibly from Spain, mostly into Africa,some to France. The Arabs had been in Spain for seven hundred years; and during this long period they had become to a large extent merged in the people of Spanish. Probably the Spanish Arabs of later years were quite different form the Arabs of Baghdad. Even to-day the Spanish race has much of Arab blood in its veins. The Saracens had also spread to the south of France and even to Switzerland, not as rulers, but as settlers. Sometimes even now one comes across an Arab type of face among the Frenchmen from the midi. Thus ended, not only Saracens rule in Spain, but also Arab civilization. For, even earlier, this civilization had collapsed in Asia, as we shall presently see. It influenced many countries and many cultures, and left many a bright souvenir. But it did not rise again by itself in after-history. After the Saracens left, Spain, under Ferdinand and Isabella, grew power. Soon afterwards, the discovery of America brought vast wealth to it, and for a while it was the most powerful country in Europe, dominating others. But its fall was rapid and it sank into insignificance, and while the other countries of Europe advanced, Spain remained stagnant, dreaming still of the Middle Ages and not realizing that the world had changed since then. Many of the Saracens or Arab Muslims left Spain and went to Africa. Near Granada, overlooking the city, there is a spot which still bears the of "El ultimo sospiro del moro", the last sigh of the Moor. But many muslims were killed brutally along with all the Jews and for the cruelty of the so called Christianity of the west there is no trace of those muslims who ruled there for around 800 long years.
Only the ignorant and enemies of Islam will not want to talk on Caliphate. Middle East means Caliphate and nothing. A Muslim must take baya i.e. the oath of allegiance at the hand of a Caliph as it is part of faith. No nation can survive without a leader. So World Muslims can not survive without a Caliph. So called Israel was created after Sultan (Caliph) Abdul Hamid refused it and so Without Caliphate there will be no peace in This World, I repeat without Caliphate there will be no peace in this World and surely without Caliphate the World will be destroyed by those who destroyed the Caliphate.
We do not attack anyone. We only attack and ready to attack to the traitors within and outside. So accept the truth with proof. We do not conspire against any nation. We do not bribe to any separatist group of any country.
So we will not tolerate any one who will interfere in our internal affairs.