Repayment of Heavenly Debt

[Medievalist]

:salams

In our hanafi madhab if a person has missed years of prayer, it is an obligation upon him to offer those as Qadha Namaz - on the condition that the person was a believer in those years of neglect.

Those of our brothers and ladies who started taking their deen seriously years after attaining maturity may find the prospect of offering such a large number of prayers daunting. However if we adopt a steady and organized approach coupled with courage and firm intention - even 10/15/20 years of Qadha Namaz can be offered, subhanALLAH.

The missed prayers exceeding 6 are called Qadha e Umri.

First the person intending to make up his debt to ALLAH has to be aware of the basic masaa'il/rulings of missed prayers. In this light the basic masaa'il have been split into three sections. Hereunder is the first set of masaa'il:

Part 1.


Qadha Namaaz - 18 Masaa'il

Mas'ala 1.
Anyone who has missed any prayer should offer it immediately in the first opportunity available to him. Delay in the same is a sin. If anyone did not offer the missed prayers and continued to delay them till his death, then he would commit a double sin - one for missing the prayer and the other for not offering the missed prayers.

Mas'ala 2.
If anyone has missed several prayers, then he should offer all the missed prayers as soon as possible and if possible he should take courage and offer all of them at one time. If the missed prayers are several months or years then these should be offered as soon as possible and two or more of them can be offered at one time. If there is any difficulty then only one missed prayer may be offered at a time. But it would be the least.

Mas'ala 3.
There is no fixed or specific time for offering the missed prayers. Whenever one has time, he should make ablution and offer the prayer, but the time shold not be prohibited or execrable.

Mas'ala 4.
If anyone has missed only one prayer or has offered all but one of the missed prayers, he should first offer the prayer and then the Fard prayer of the day. If he offers the prayer of the day without offering the remaining missed prayers, then the prayer of the day will not be in order. He should repeat the prayer of the day after offering the missed prayer. If anyone forgot the missed prayer, then the prayer (of the day) would be in order and whenever he recollects the missed prayer, he should offer it and need not repeat the prayer of the day.

Mas'ala 5.
If the time is so narrow that if one offers the missed prayer then there would be no time left for the prescribed prayer of the time, then the prayer of the time should be offered first and then the missed prayer.

Mas'ala 6.
If someone has missed 2-5 prayers and no other prayers are due towards him or that since he attained maturity/puberty no prayer other than these have been missed by him or he has offered all other missed prayers, then it is not permissible for him to offer any prayer of the time unless he has offered all these missed prayers. While the offering of these missed prayers one should see that the prayer missed first should be offered first then the next and so on till all the missed prayers are offered.

eg. Zayd has not offered all the obligatory prayers of one day. He should first offer Fajr, then Zuhr, then Asr, then Maghrib, then Isha and then Witr missed prayers.

[Medievalist]

Part 2.

Qadha Namaaz - 18 Masaa'il

Mas'ala 7.
If a person has missed 6 prayers, then it is allowed for him to offer the prescribed prayer of the time first and then the 6 missed prayers and it would also not be essential to offer the first missed prayer first. He may offer these missed prayers in any order.

Mas'ala 8.
If several years or months ago someone had missed 6 prayers and has not offered them as yet but since then he has offered all the daily obligatory prayers regularly and now has missed one more prayer. Then in such case also it is proper for him to offer the prescribed prayer without first offering the missed prayer and the order of performance is not maintainable.

Mas'ala 9.
If 6+ prayers were due towards someone and as such it was not essential for him to offer the same in order and he offered them in twos and fours and thus no missed prayer was left, now again he missed upto 5 prayers. Then it is essential for him to maintain the serial order in offering the same and offering of prescribed prayer is not permissible for without offering the missed prayers.

Mas'ala 10.
If anyone had missed many prayers and has offered most of them and now only 4/5 remain, then it is not essential for him to offer these in serial order. he can offer them as he wishes and offering of the prescribed prayers at its time is proper without offering the remaining missed prayers.

Mas'ala 11.
If anyone has missed Witr prayer only and no other missed prayer is due towards him, then it is not permissible for him to offer Fajr prayer without offering the missed Witr prayer. If one remembers the missing of Witr prayer and even then offers Fajr prayer, then it would not be in order and must be repeated after offering missed Witr prayer.

Mas'ala 12.
If one went to sleep after offering Isha prayer only and then woke up after midnight and making ablution offered Tahajjud and Witr prayers. Next morning he recollected that he had offered the Isha prayer without ablution in omission, then he should offer Isha prayer only as missed prayer and not the Witr.

[Medievalist]

Part 3.

Qadha Namaaz - 18 Masaa'il

Mas'ala 13.
In offering missed prayer only the Fard and Wajib (ie witr) are essential to be offered and not Sunnah prayers. But if Fajr is missed then Fard and Sunnah both should be offered if offered before midday. If offered after midday then only 2 raka'ah of Fard are to be offered as missed prayer.

Mas'ala 14.
If due to narrowness of time only Fard of Fajr was offered, then it is appreciable to offer the Sunnah raka'ats after sunrise but before midday.

Mas'ala 15.
If one has not offered prayers in his whole life, he should repent and seek forgiveness from ALLAH. It is essential for him to offer all the missed prayers. He will not be excused of offering the missed prayer. By repentance ALLAH may forgive the sin of omission but not the prayers. It would be a sin if the missed prayers are not offered and made up.

Mas'ala 16.
If prayers are missed by someone and he did not have opportunity of offering them, then before his death it is essential for him to leave a will that Fidya (compensation) be given for his missed prayers otherwise it would be a sin.

Mas'ala 17.
If a number of persons have missed the prayer of anytime, they should offer it in congregation with all its requisites with loud or low recitation as is necessary for that time.

Mas'ala 18.
If a minor boy sleeps after Isha prayer and rises in the morning after dawn and finds some stains of semen on his clothes which indicate nocturnal emission, then according to the predominant view of Fuqaha he should repeat his Isha prayer. But if he rises before dawn and finds the stains, then the unanimous opinion is that he should offer Isha prayer as a missed prayer.

InshaALLAH in a few days I'll put up a practical guide on how to make-up Qadha e Umri, and how to calculate the Fidya in the case of death.

[Medievalist]

Practical Steps to make up Qadha e Umri:

1. Calculate how many days you have missed.
It is not necessary to have an exact number but it is better and more recommended to err on the side of caution. If a person decides at age 20 to make up their Qadha then the salah became Fard upon the attaining of maturity.

For a man this may be difficult to remember exactly when so a rough estimation may be taken. eg 11 years old. So 9 years of Qadha is to be made up.

For a lady this may be easier depending on your culture as woman will tend to remember when they experienced their first monthly cycle.

2. Set some tarteeb
It is advised to decide on one methodology of offering and to stick to it. Some choose to complete all 6 prayers of a day and then move onto the next, others prefer to offer all the Fajrs, then all the Dhuhrs, then all the Asrs etc. Any method can be chosen as the person offering Qadha e Umri is not required to offer the prayers according to their order.

3. Keep a record
A table should be kept of how many prayers have been made up in the day and these be weekly/monthly updated to see how progress is going. Start slow with something that is easily maintainable and then later if it is in one's ability then increase the frequency of prayers made up in the day.

4. Make du'a
ALLAH Ta'ala assists when we have a mountain to climb. Make du'a that He Ta'ala grant the tawfeeq to complete this heavenly debt.

[Abu Mus'ab]

Nice posts med :up: :jkk:

[MG]

if there are people currently doing Qadha e Umri prayers it wuld be good if they could say what kinda patterns they are using or find easier in making up their prayers.

Excellent thread akhi

[Medievalist]

if there are people currently doing Qadha e Umri prayers it wuld be good if they could say what kinda patterns they are using or find easier in making up their prayers.



there is a brother at the Jamia. He started by finishing off all his Fajr prayers. Initially he would simply slot in his Fajr Qadha inplace of the normal nafl - so at dhuhr, maghrib and twice at isha. He completed 4 days of Fajr like this daily. Then he built it up slowly. Im unsure how much he has left.

[MG]

there is a brother at the Jamia. He started by finishing off all his Fajr prayers. Initially he would simply slot in his Fajr Qadha inplace of the normal nafl - so at dhuhr, maghrib and twice at isha. He completed 4 days of Fajr like this daily. Then he built it up slowly. Im unsure how much he has left.


according to the method stated in the intial posts u posted, the fajr has to be done with the 2 sunna as well,not just the fardh?? (As with other salats u would only be making up the fardh)

[Medievalist]

according to the method stated in the intial posts u posted, the fajr has to be done with the 2 sunna as well,not just the fardh?? (As with other salats u would only be making up the fardh)

The Mas'ala is:

Mas'ala 13.
In offering missed prayer only the Fard and Wajib (ie witr) are essential to be offered and not Sunnah prayers. But if Fajr is missed then Fard and Sunnah both should be offered if offered before midday. If offered after midday then only 2 raka'ah of Fard are to be offered as missed prayer.

ie - if you are offering todays Fajr Qadha BEFORE zawaal time, then you should offer the 2 raka'ah sunnah aswell. However if you are offering the Fajr of today AFTER zawaal, or you offering the qadha of a previous days Fajr - then you only offer the Fard and not the sunnah.

ALLAH Ta'ala knows best.

Mufti-Wannabe - Med :rotfl:

[Abu Mu'adh]

isn't the difficulty here with trying to detrmine how many you may have missed over the years up until the point you started praying all 5 regularly on a daily basis, or is it just a case of estimation?

[Medievalist]

It would be a case of estimation - erring on the side of caution. If for example a person has 300 Fajr Qadha's on his head and he calculates 450 and offers them - in this instance the extra 150 will be counted as nafl. There is no harm only benefit in exceeding the amount, but there is harm and fear of chastisement if we fall short.

[Medievalist]

Fidya - Compensation.

Previously one of the mas'alas referred to Fidya:

Mas'ala 16.
If prayers are missed by someone and he did not have opportunity of offering them, then before his death it is essential for him to leave a will that Fidya (compensation) be given for his missed prayers otherwise it would be a sin.

This post is to explain further inshaALLAH.

Fidya is to pay recompensation in cash or kind. Normally speaking Fidya is referred to the payment for missed fasts but, as stated previously, the Fuqaha of the Hanafi Madhab permit Fidya for Qadha Prayers also.

In the above mas'ala the Fidya for Qadha Prayers is referring to a situation where the person has passed away but Fidya can also be offered by a person whilst alive although it is better and more virtuous for the person to offer his prayers rather than recompensate by cash or kind.

In any case - the religion is one of ease, alhamdulillah, and there is no sin in paying Fidya for Qadha Prayers rather than offering them.

Mas'ala 1.
The Fidya for each Fard is the same as for one fast. Hence the Fidya for one days Qadha is 5 Fard + 1 Wajib (Witr) Prayers.

Mas'ala 2.
The Fidya is equal to Sadqa e Fitr and must be given to the shari' poor or a shari' poor must be fed morning and evening.

Mas'ala 3.
If the food given is wheat bread then the bread alone will suffice but if it is barley bread/millet bread etc then curry should also be given.

Mas'ala 4.
Instead of feeding it is permitted to give cereal grains or an equivalent price to the shari' poor and its quantity/price must equivalate to Sadqa e Fitr.

Mas'ala 5.
Fidya is only considered discharged if the food is given to an adult shari' poor; if offered to a child then it is not considered offered.

Mas'ala 6.
Wheat/wheat flour/wheat powder may be given in Sadqa e Fitr and it should be 1.667kg in weight. It is better to give 2kg as a precautionary measure. However if barley/barley flour is given then double the weight of the wheat should be given - ie 3.333kg.

.

There are other Masaa'il in regards to Fidya and Sadqa e Fitr but these are the ones relevant to Qadha Namaaz.

I'll let them sink in for a bit inshaALLAH - and then elucidate.

(Btw - these rulings are according to mainstream hanafi madhab - followers of other madhaahib should refer to their respective ulama and reliable books of fiqh.)

[Medievalist]

Practicality of Fidyah

So now we have the masaa'il - how do we as people living in the west offer it? There are numerous pathways of offering Fidyah - wheat, barley, cash, home, abroad, personally, through an agent etc etc.

Im going to explain what I think is the easiest. We are simple people - barley bread? double the weight of wheat bread? curry? what what? shari' poor? huh? We get confused by all this.

You can either choose to pay Fidyah per prayer - in which case you find out what the Sadqa e Fitr (Fitrana) of your locality is. You can either rely on what your mosque calculates - in UK its from 2.50 - 3.50. And you can confirm this by calculating how much 1.667kg of wheat costs.

Or alternatively you can pay by day - in which case find out how much a 10kg bag of wheat flour costs and donate that for each day.

Once you've calculated how much you have to pay or can afford to pay - you arrange for an agent to pass this money on to a shari' poor adult in another country. Its also permitted to give to a shari' mendicant in UK/USA but by us it is more rewarding to give the money back home as there is more need. Just ensure that your agent/charity is aware that the money must be used for a shari' poor adult and not a child.

Alhamdulillah - it is a simple as that :D


Finally . . . Sahib e Tarteeb :up: - ULTIMATE GOAL
following soon inshaALLAH.

[Medievalist]

Sahib e Tarteeb

Sahib e Tarteeb is a person who is up-to-date with either ALL of his Namaz or he has less than 6 Qadha on his head. Ultimately our goal should be that every one of us is Sahib e Tarteeb.

It is unfortunate that we strive to pay off monetary debts, debts of favour, debts of gratitude but the heavenly debt ALLAH alone knows how many of us die whilst still owing some namaz. InshaALLAH let us make intention that we will strive to fulfill our Qadha Namaz and reach the rank of Sahib e Tarteeb - cos it feels quite good.

[Medievalist]

bump

[THE PATH 2]

great thread...:)

[Rouz]

Sorry i havnt got time to read though all of this now, i'll read through it later. But i have a quick question, is witr obligatory like all the other 5 prayers? I always thought it was liked, but not obligatory. Is there a difference in opinion between madhabs?

Edit: I've also heard that sunnah (like 4 before zuhr etc.) prayers can make up for any prayers that you may have missed in the past or prayera that were invalid (unknown to the individual) for whatever reason. When i say prayers you have missed i mean like the odd one when you were younger and you didn't realise or quite understand, not deliberately not praying for days. Is this true?

Sorry, and another question. I know its better to offer prayers as quickly as possible once they are due. However, is this also true for isha prayer?

[Abu Mus'ab]

Sorry i havnt got time to read though all of this now, i'll read through it later. But i have a quick question, is witr obligatory like all the other 5 prayers? I always thought it was liked, but not obligatory. Is there a difference in opinion between madhabs?

Edit: I've also heard that sunnah (like 4 before zuhr etc.) prayers can make up for any prayers that you may have missed in the past or prayera that were invalid (unknown to the individual) for whatever reason. When i say prayers you have missed i mean like the odd one when you were younger and you didn't realise or quite understand, not deliberately not praying for days. Is this true?

Sorry, and another question. I know its better to offer prayers as quickly as possible once they are due. However, is this also true for isha prayer?
Witr is wajib, so yes it's the same like the other 5 salaah, meaning you have to repeat it if you missed it, i don't know if the other madhaaib have different views so i'm not going to say i know, however i haven't heard anyone say contrary to that before.

That's the first time i hear of that :scratch:

yep it's the same for all salaah.

[Medievalist]

bump

يا خالق صل و سلم علي النبي السابق
Ya Khaliq salli wa sallim 'alan Nabiyyis Sabiq
Oh Creator! Shower Peace and Blessing upon the Prophet, first in creation, foremost in rank

[Medievalist]

bump

يا خالق صل و سلم علي النبي السابق
Ya Khaliq salli wa sallim 'alan Nabiyyis Sabiq
Oh Creator! Shower Peace and Blessing upon the Prophet, first in creation, foremost in rank

[souljaa]

Med's on a roll tonight...Top thread :thumbsup:

[the_middle_road]

Sorry i havnt got time to read though all of this now, i'll read through it later. But i have a quick question, is witr obligatory like all the other 5 prayers? I always thought it was liked, but not obligatory. Is there a difference in opinion between madhabs?


Witr is wajib, so yes it's the same like the other 5 salaah, meaning you have to repeat it if you missed it, i don't know if the other madhaaib have different views so i'm not going to say i know, however i haven't heard anyone say contrary to that before.



It is only the Ahnaf who make a distinction between Fard and Wajib. For them Witr is compulsory but not in the other madhahib. Please correct me if I'm wrong anyone.