Do you condone suicide bombings?

[Kal-El]

Pretty self-explanatory.

[Nazias]

Not randomly such as the 7/7 etc where innocent lives who have nothing to do with the foreign policy etc are lost. :(

[Hafsah]

i don't condone them...but i can 'understand' them...and not the random ones like in iraq...thats plain stupidity and trouble mongering...but in palestine..yeh i can understand the desperation those people are drivin to for them to blow themselves up

[Kal-El]

Other than Palestine i meant

[kamalysalma]

you trying to get the forum into trouble?????

[umm_yusuf]

Pretty self-explanatory.


Akhi this is not as simple as yes or no. There are A LOT of other issues to consider.

Generally, martyrdom operations are permissible in Islam as long as certain conditions are met Insha Allah so purely from an Islamic perspective, then yes I condone Martyrdom Operations.

What people choose to do of their own bidding is between them and Allah and Allah knows best.

[abdusamad]

Not randomly such as the 7/7 etc where innocent lives who have nothing to do with the foreign policy etc are lost. :(


Do you believe 9/11 was any different?


and 7/7 wasnt because of foreign policy, but because of britain's hand in the killing of muslims across the world.

[Saadet]

I don't support them in general, but in times of war, when there are no other option, and on the condition that only military units (or paramilitary units, like armed Israeli settlers) are targetted, then I would accept them.

Sooo..I'm gonna choose 'no'.

[abdusamad]

Pretty self-explanatory.


You have anything beneficial for the forum?

[Lambo5688]

Depends. I dont think I can answer with a simple yes or no. Alot of factors come into play.

[mgilani]

O ye who believe! Eat not up your property among yourselves in vanities: But let there be amongst you Traffic and trade by mutual good-will: Nor kill (or destroy) yourselves: for verily Allah hath been to you Most Merciful! If any do that in rancour and injustice, - soon shall We cast them into the Fire: And easy it is for Allah. (4:29-30)

If somebody commits suicide with anything in this world, he will be tortured with that very thing on the Day of Resurrection. (Sahih Bukhari, 8:73:73 [see also 2:23:445, 2:23:446, 8:73:126, 8:78:647])

Hadith - Bukhari 2:445, Narrated Thabit bin Ad-Dahhak

The Prophet said, "Whoever intentionally swears falsely by a religion other than Islam, then he is what he has said, (e.g. if he says, 'If such thing is not true then I am a Jew,' he is really a Jew). And whoever commits suicide with piece of iron will be punished with the same piece of iron in the Hell Fire." Narrated Jundab the Prophet said, "A man was inflicted with wounds and he committed suicide, and so Allah said: My slave has caused death on himself hurriedly, so I forbid Paradise for him."

Hadith - Bukhari 7:670, Narrated Abu Huraira

The Prophet said, "Whoever purposely throws himself from a mountain and kills himself, will be in the (Hell) Fire falling down into it and abiding therein perpetually forever; and whoever drinks poison and kills himself with it, he will be carrying his poison in his hand and drinking it in the (Hell) Fire wherein he will abide eternally forever; and whoever kills himself with an iron weapon, will be carrying that weapon in his hand and stabbing his abdomen with it in the (Hell) Fire wherein he will abide eternally forever."

Hadith - Muslim #6480

Anas (b. Malik) reported Allah's Messenger as saying: None of you should make a request for death because of the trouble in which he is involved, but if there is no other help to it, then say: O Allah, keep me alive as long as there is goodness in life for me and bring death to me when there is goodness in death for me.

I am not looking for rebuttals in case anyone is wondering.

W'Salaam

[Abu Hurairah]

Pretty self-explanatory.

You do realise this thread is another repeat right? We have dealt with such threads and polls time and time again, not very original at all.

How is it self explanatory when no factors, ayath, hadith, scholarly opinions, etc are not taken to account? :rolleyes:

Who defined such acts as 'suicide' again- the kuffer terminology is it not?
Other than Palestine i meant

Oh really so why make the exception to the rule for Philistine yet not for our Mujahideen in Iraq/ Chychan/ Kashmir/ Afghanistan/ Somalia, etc.?

If the 'Ullema permit who are laymen such as you and I to condone them? :rolleyes:
Akhi this is not as simple as yes or no. There are A LOT of other issues to consider.

Generally, martyrdom operations are permissible in Islam as long as certain conditions are met Insha Allah so purely from an Islamic perspective, then yes I condone Martyrdom Operations.

What people choose to do of their own bidding is between them and Allah and Allah knows best.
Masha'allah well said.
You have anything beneficial for the forum?
Good question.
Depends. I dont think I can answer with a simple yes or no. Alot of factors come into play.
Exactly, this is not a black and white issue- it never was nor will be.

[abdusamad]

O ye who believe! Eat not up your property among yourselves in vanities: But let there be amongst you Traffic and trade by mutual good-will: Nor kill (or destroy) yourselves: for verily Allah hath been to you Most Merciful! If any do that in rancour and injustice, - soon shall We cast them into the Fire: And easy it is for Allah. (4:29-30)

If somebody commits suicide with anything in this world, he will be tortured with that very thing on the Day of Resurrection. (Sahih Bukhari, 8:73:73 [see also 2:23:445, 2:23:446, 8:73:126, 8:78:647])

Hadith - Bukhari 2:445, Narrated Thabit bin Ad-Dahhak

The Prophet said, "Whoever intentionally swears falsely by a religion other than Islam, then he is what he has said, (e.g. if he says, 'If such thing is not true then I am a Jew,' he is really a Jew). And whoever commits suicide with piece of iron will be punished with the same piece of iron in the Hell Fire." Narrated Jundab the Prophet said, "A man was inflicted with wounds and he committed suicide, and so Allah said: My slave has caused death on himself hurriedly, so I forbid Paradise for him."

Hadith - Bukhari 7:670, Narrated Abu Huraira

The Prophet said, "Whoever purposely throws himself from a mountain and kills himself, will be in the (Hell) Fire falling down into it and abiding therein perpetually forever; and whoever drinks poison and kills himself with it, he will be carrying his poison in his hand and drinking it in the (Hell) Fire wherein he will abide eternally forever; and whoever kills himself with an iron weapon, will be carrying that weapon in his hand and stabbing his abdomen with it in the (Hell) Fire wherein he will abide eternally forever."

Hadith - Muslim #6480

Anas (b. Malik) reported Allah's Messenger as saying: None of you should make a request for death because of the trouble in which he is involved, but if there is no other help to it, then say: O Allah, keep me alive as long as there is goodness in life for me and bring death to me when there is goodness in death for me.

I am not looking for rebuttals in case anyone is wondering.

W'Salaam


irrelevant

[mgilani]

Actually it a black and White issue.
there is no gray area.........is there a gray area in Quran/Sunnah.?
We are instructed to read and understand Quran exactly so we can make rational and correct decisions. Are Ulema always right? Is one bound to follow Ulema if they make a wrong deduction which a somewhat knowledgeable person can refute?

I have respect for some very learned scholars.........but there are things that have been made very clear and no deviation is allowed.

W'Salaam


PS fear Allah..we are all accountable and it is very easy to err.

[Abu Hurairah]

I am not looking for rebuttals in case anyone is wondering.

W'Salaam
Assalamu Alaikum,

What do you want us to refute? Are you an alim/ Muhadith/Mufassir that you know which ayath and ahadith lead to such ahkam derived ruling prohibition or approval of such and such or that any dalil you have quoted means either martyrdom operation is halal or haram in such and such context and situation?

If not, there is nothing discuss.

Wa Alaikum wa Assalam,

[abdusamad]

Actually it a black and White issue.
there is no gray area.........is there a gray area in Quran/Sunnah.?
We are instructed to read and understand Quran exactly so we can make rational and correct decisions. Are Ulema always right? Is one bound to follow Ulema if they make a wrong deduction which a somewhat knowledgeable person can refute?

I have respect for some very learned scholars.........but there are things that have been made very clear and no deviation is allowed.

W'Salaam


PS fear Allah..we are all accountable and it is very easy to err.


Answer your own questions.

[mgilani]

Answer your own questions.

whatever that meant...........:torture:

[Abu Hurairah]

Actually it a black and White issue.
there is no gray area.........is there a gray area in Quran/Sunnah.?
It is YOU who is bringing in these words questioning whether there are grey areas or not in the kitab of Allah (swt) and the Sunnah of Rasul (saw). When all I alluded to is that the 'Ullema have ikhtilaaf on this as with many matters of our deen simply put some are in favour alhamdulillah considering the context and others against masha'allah.

Do you not know of the mutashabiath verses?
We are instructed to read and understand Quran exactly so we can make rational and correct decisions.
You actually read the Qur'an and Sunnah and come to YOUR own rational decisions? :rubeyes: No need for Muhaditheen and Mufasireen or any 'Ullema no more, your above that- you understand the deen perfectly as it is revealed to our Nabi (saw) without need for scholarly guidance at all?
Are Ulema always right? Is one bound to follow Ulema if they make a wron deduction which a somewhat knowledgeable person can refute?
I see now you question the heirs and inheritors of the Prophets (as) because your infallibe right? I mean sure the 'Ullema make mistakes as all humans do but with you there is no error- somehow you of all people have been chosen with some devine inspiration from some source somewhere (Allahu Alam) that lets you see the 'wrongs' of our scholars that they themselves with the knowledge and study they've gained through Allah's will cannot see.

And this 'knowledgable person' of whom you speak who thinks he can refute our scholars who is he?- Are you by any chance thinking of yourself?
I have respest for some very learned scholars.........but there are thibgs that have been made very clear and no deviation is allowed.

W'Salaam
So this matter, one our 'Ullema have disagreement about and accept iktilaaaf upon they can no longer do so because you say its not allowed. :rolleyes:
And this is such a matter there is to be no deviation in regards, ones that stray from your thinking and following of desires are 'deviants' seen as there is to be no deviation. :rubeyes:

Wa Alaikum wa Assalam
PS fear Allah..we are all accountable and it is very easy to err.
Fear Allah (swt) young man before belittling our 'Ullema who know more than you and quoting dalil without referring it back to the Muhaditheen or Mufassireen or any scholars as if there is no need for them and their insight.

[abdusamad]

and they say we dont have warriors... ALLAAHU AKBAR!!!

[mgilani]

For the record...............I was making a statement not asking a question in the first instance........If anyone got it wrong, pls stand corrected. Obviously, there is no gray area in Quran or sunnah hence everything is very clear( black & white)..the gentlemen unfortunately either mis-construed my words or he just have a problem with anyone who can understand message of islam without any Ulema so to speak. And its not that I am against ulemas .....I made a very braod statement. time and space are limited online so a thesis or exegis is not always an option. But I have observed for a while now that whenever a person tries to prove something strictly in the light of Quarn/sunnah from our Most merciful God, someone always ends up labeling you as lacking knowledge or not knowing any ulema . Well, the Quran is easy for those who wish to learn and one can establish a direct connection with your creator..........if someone cant understand that then they have missed the whole philosophy of Quran.
He himself tells us that He has made religion easy for us.

And one more thing, stop judging other muslims . What did the Prophet say 3 times in answer to a question as to who is the best among muslims. God guide those who sek his guidance with or w/out the help of ulema.

sincerely

[Abu Noah]

I disagree with the tactics murdering innocent civilians, as far as I can see the suicide aspect is irrelevant, whether people strap explosives to themselves or drop bombs from airplane if they end result is the death of innocent civilians what difference does it make ?

[Kal-El]

In regards to my comment about the Palestinians, i meant that I understand why some of them do it. And that is all i meant by it.

And I apologise if this thread is a copy of another.

I should have made my question more explicit; "do you condone suicide bombings against civilians?".

So for those who voted yes already, i'd appreciate if this change to the question has changed your answer?

[Kal-El]

You have anything beneficial for the forum?

Somethings yes, somethings no.

A question of this context is neither both though.

[heaven2002]

as suicide is forbidden in islam and so is the killing of innocent people then i voted no

[urban_rose]

I think this poll should have a 'dont know' option. As for my opinion, i dont think i have nowhere near enough knowledge to comment appropriately. I have never been in the situation nor can i ever begin to imagine what our brothers and sisters across the world are going through, whether it is in Bosnia, Sheeshaan, Palestine, Afghanistan, Iraq and so many more. Therefore, i dont know what it feels like to live in complete fear, and to have no control over your life. I dont know what i would do if someone close to me was killed for no reason, so i dont know whther suicide bombings are right or whether they are wrong.
Sure,in some circumstances, i.e when innocents are killed for no reason, in a country where there is no direct human violation, it is completely wrong. However, i cannot generalise and say that it is one thing and not another, cause quite honestly i dont know, and although somtimes i do understand why someone would do that, i am not prepared to give a direct answer :)

[kamalysalma]

I think this poll should have a 'dont know' option. As for my opinion, i dont think i have nowhere near enough knowledge to comment appropriately. I have never been in the situation nor can i ever begin to imagine what our brothers and sisters across the world are going through, whether it is in Bosnia, Sheeshaan, Palestine, Afghanistan, Iraq and so many more. Therefore, i dont know what it feels like to live in complete fear, and to have no control over your life. I dont know what i would do if someone close to me was killed for no reason, so i dont know whther suicide bombings are right or whether they are wrong.
Sure,in some circumstances, i.e when innocents are killed for no reason, in a country where there is no direct human violation, it is completely wrong. However, i cannot generalise and say that it is one thing and not another, cause quite honestly i dont know, and although somtimes i do understand why someone would do that, i am not prepared to give a direct answer :)


exactly, some people here find it hard to merely say: "i don't know" the wise 1 is the 1 who says "i don't know" compared to the 1 who speaks without 'ilm....just a reminder

[Nazias]

Do you believe 9/11 was any different?

and 7/7 wasnt because of foreign policy, but because of britain's hand in the killing of muslims across the world.

Britain's hand in the killing of Muslims across the world IS the Foreign Policy :smack:... Regardless of the reason, innocent lives are lost which is not something which I would agree with.

[Kal-El]

Is killing civilians allowed in Islam? And is it allowed by this method, if it is allowed at all?

[Abu Hurairah]

I think this poll should have a 'dont know' option. As for my opinion, i dont think i have nowhere near enough knowledge to comment appropriately. I have never been in the situation nor can i ever begin to imagine what our brothers and sisters across the world are going through, whether it is in Bosnia, Sheeshaan, Palestine, Afghanistan, Iraq and so many more. Therefore, i dont know what it feels like to live in complete fear, and to have no control over your life. I dont know what i would do if someone close to me was killed for no reason, so i dont know whther suicide bombings are right or whether they are wrong.
Sure,in some circumstances, i.e when innocents are killed for no reason, in a country where there is no direct human violation, it is completely wrong. However, i cannot generalise and say that it is one thing and not another, cause quite honestly i dont know, and although somtimes i do understand why someone would do that, i am not prepared to give a direct answer :)
Masha'allah, a beautiful reply- jezak'illah.
Is killing civilians allowed in Islam? And is it allowed by this method, if it is allowed at all?


Why do you 'understand' when our Palestinan brothers and sisters do martyrdom operations that kill occupying invader Israeli 'civilians'?

Would you not than 'understand' if a similar situation were to arise in another battlefield such as Kashmir/ Iraq/ Afghanistan/ Cheychan, etc.?

Are you here for fatwah if whether martyrdom operations are permissible in qhitaal?

[abdusamad]

Somethings yes, somethings no.

A question of this context is neither both though.




what are you, a philosopher?

Speak english.

[kamalysalma]

what are you, a philosopher?

Speak english.

Some people here are so rude, where is the ada'ab? its disgusting how some people comminicate with their fellow brothers/sisters

[abdusamad]

Some people here are so rude, where is the ada'ab? its disgusting how some people comminicate with their fellow brothers/sisters

I agree

[JayC]

as salaam alaykum,

its wrong to make a thread like this. instead of asking various people what they think and whether they think its right or wrong you should look at the situation we are in today and see what the scholars are saying. martyrdom operations are not new, whether you have explosives strapped to yourself or run with a sword into 50 men knowing you will die the intention is to be shaheed and die for Islam... to paint it like shooting yourself is just stupid.
mujahideen are mu'min. theyr not sitting here by their pcs on a comfy chair on nice monday morning like all of us here.

[abdusamad]

as salaam alaykum,

its wrong to make a thread like this. instead of asking various people what they think and whether they think its right or wrong you should look at the situation we are in today and see what the scholars are saying. martyrdom operations are not new, whether you have explosives strapped to yourself or run with a sword into 50 men knowing you will die the intention is to be shaheed and die for Islam... to paint it like shooting yourself is just stupid.
mujahideen are mu'min. theyr not sitting here by their pcs on a comfy chair on nice monday morning like all of us here.


well said.

[ammarcool]

as salaam alaykum,

its wrong to make a thread like this. instead of asking various people what they think and whether they think its right or wrong you should look at the situation we are in today and see what the scholars are saying. martyrdom operations are not new, whether you have explosives strapped to yourself or run with a sword into 50 men knowing you will die the intention is to be shaheed and die for Islam... to paint it like shooting yourself is just stupid.
mujahideen are mu'min. theyr not sitting here by their pcs on a comfy chair on nice monday morning like all of us here.

:up:

[stephenoskie]

nope i dont agree with them at all, because didnt the Prophet SAW say that any one who comits sucide will not be showen any mercy on judgement day?

also erm why take innocent peoples lives

[xris]

what worries me are the bombers being falsly convinced of the right and wrongs of suicide by unscrupousless people.are they if it is to believed going to hell when they think it is heaven.

[Kal-El]

.

Why do you 'understand' when our Palestinan brothers and sisters do martyrdom operations that kill occupying invader Israeli 'civilians'?

Would you not than 'understand' if a similar situation were to arise in another battlefield such as Kashmir/ Iraq/ Afghanistan/ Cheychan, etc.?

Are you here for fatwah if whether martyrdom operations are permissible in qhitaal?

I "understand", meaning the emotional destruction they must have faced would only add to them doing suicide bombings against other civilians (some dont see any Isreali as a regular civilian mind you); when I watch the news and it happens, I'm not surprised and I doubt many are.

I have seen some contexts in which suicide "missions" are considered to be allowed, but i wanted a general comment on whether or not they are specifically allowed against e.g. civilians.

Thanks.

[Kal-El]

I agree

:rolleyes:

[Kal-El]

what are you, a philosopher?

Speak english.

What do you think I'm doing, speaking Zulu?

If you don't understand my comments then ask what i mean by them with a less sarcasm.

[Amatul-Gaffaar]

:salams

I think this poll should have a 'dont know' option. As for my opinion, i dont think i have nowhere near enough knowledge to comment appropriately. I have never been in the situation nor can i ever begin to imagine what our brothers and sisters across the world are going through, whether it is in Bosnia, Sheeshaan, Palestine, Afghanistan, Iraq and so many more. Therefore, i dont know what it feels like to live in complete fear, and to have no control over your life. I dont know what i would do if someone close to me was killed for no reason, so i dont know whther suicide bombings are right or whether they are wrong.
Sure,in some circumstances, i.e when innocents are killed for no reason, in a country where there is no direct human violation, it is completely wrong. However, i cannot generalise and say that it is one thing and not another, cause quite honestly i dont know, and although somtimes i do understand why someone would do that, i am not prepared to give a direct answer :)

kamalysalma
exactly, some people here find it hard to merely say: "i don't know" the wise 1is the 1 who says "i don't know" compared to the 1 who speaks without 'ilm....just a reminder

Jazakum Allhu Khair for both comments/ reminders. I beleive the more you try to learn the more certain situations become complex (besides the obvious, i.e salaat and all the faraed obligations) so in all our decisions/ opinions we should say Allahu Ai'llam cause Truly Allah only knows best and we can never be so sure of ourselves hence the importance placed on those learned amongst us who have devoted a much larger portion of their lives trying to gain a better understanding of things. Allah did not make Islam hard for us but he blessed us all with different talents/skills and, increased knowledge of the deen is just that, as well as being something that could testify for or against you Fe Yowm Al Qiyaamah it's a major responsibility Subhan'Allah. So Basically, the point is we're not supposed to know the ins & outs of Everything!

"This day I have completed your religion for you, completed my favour upon you, and have chosen Islam as your religion." 5:03

[kamalysalma]

:rolleyes:


i know what you mean akhi

[bint_ummi]

I vote no because
yes, its great they are fighting back inshallah, but the problem with it is the suicide part. they are certain to die form it, but others are not. it isn't too effective in my opinion(and i'm not talking about the terrorism kind like 7/7 and 9/11) SUICIDE is haram!!! i'd never do it inshallah, even if my intentions were good... its too dodgy... inshallah ta'ala i'd run into battle if my only weapons were stones, but not in order to push the button that kills me. If the kufur kill me its different inshallah ta'ala

[tauheedul]

This is just a silly question to ask really

[Kal-El]

The votes say otherwise

[Masumah]

i cannot make a judgement on this since it requires scholarly advise..so im not gonna vote as i do not know the answer.

[Kal-El]

Blowing yourself in the midst of innocent people, women and children?

You need a scholar to tell you if that's right or wrong? :rolleyes:

[abdusamad]

i cannot make a judgement on this since it requires scholarly advise..so im not gonna vote as i do not know the answer.


IF only more people were men/women enough to say the same.

[Masumah]

Blowing yourself in the midst of innocent people, women and children?

You need a scholar to tell you if that's right or wrong? :rolleyes:



as i understand this is not refering to s ingle incident correct?,....it is suicide bombs in general wich have been done also to kill millitary personnel..hence i do not know.

[Masumah]

killin one innocent is like killing the entire humanity.

[Kal-El]

as i understand this is not refering to s ingle incident correct?,....it is suicide bombs in general wich have been done also to kill millitary personnel..hence i do not know.

No. My poll is whether or not you agree with them when they target innocent civilians.

The fact that people vote Yes, or even don't want to say Yes or No shows something :rolleyes:

[abdusamad]

No. My poll is whether or not you agree with them when they target innocent civilians.

The fact that people vote Yes, or even don't want to say Yes or No shows something :rolleyes:




I advise my sister MAsumah to not answer it stil, because then again your kind of "innocent civilians" may not be classified islamically as "innocent civilians" So once again your question is not clear!

[Kal-El]

I advise my sister MAsumah to not answer it stil, because then again your kind of "innocent civilians" may not be classified islamically as "innocent civilians" So once again your question is not clear!

I do not care for your opinions on any matter, bro.

[Masumah]

No. My poll is whether or not you agree with them when they target innocent civilians.

The fact that people vote Yes, or even don't want to say Yes or No shows something :rolleyes:




no ur poll is do u condone suicide bombings. i answered that...if u ask about innocence i already made a post regarding that.

[Kal-El]

no ur poll is do u condone suicide bombings. i answered that...if u ask about innocence i already made a post regarding that.

Yea I wasn't clear in my first post, so later when I realised, i added another post clarifying it. And yes, I read your other reply :up:Don't let anyone suck your compassion or sense of humanity

[Masumah]

Yea I wasn't clear in my first post, so later when I realised, i added another post clarifying it. And yes, I read your other reply :up:Don't let anyone suck your compassion or sense of humanity


bro my religion alhamdulillah is sufficient for me....ppl i donot regard only Allah and His deen for der are no errors therein

[Kal-El]

bro my religion alhamdulillah is sufficient for me....ppl i donot regard only Allah and His deen for der are no errors therein

Excellent :up:

[abdusamad]

I do not care for your opinions on any matter, bro.



Didn't expect your likes to even care.

[Ibn Sina]

Suicide is haraam therefore suicide bombings are haraam. But Allah is Al-Adl and knows best.

[Masumah]

Didn't expect your likes to even care.


bro this is nto correct adaab..wot do u mean by saying "your likes"..he is a brother in Islam der are no "likes"

[Kal-El]

Didn't expect your likes to even care.

Don't let the door hit you on your way out.

[abdusamad]

bro this is nto correct adaab..wot od u mean by saying "your likes"..he is a brother in Islam der are no "likes"


Is there not the possibility that I may know something, which others dont about specific individuals? Yes. So this is what I mean with "likes"

[abdusamad]

Don't let the door hit you on your way out.




ok fine.

[Masumah]

Is there not the possibility that I may know something, which others dont about specific individuals? Yes. So this is what I mean with "likes"

there may well be that possibility, but is it not best to address a fellow brother with a more rspectful tne even if u disagree...khair we all part of one brotherhood :)

[abdusamad]

there may well be that possibility, but is it not best to address a fellow brother with a more rspectful tne even if u disagree...khair we all part of one brotherhood :)


Respect is given to those who understand respect. But if the person speaks gibberish then you speak gibberish to them.

[Masumah]

Respect is given to those who understand respect. But if the person speaks gibberish then you speak gibberish to them.

that is not wot our beloved prophet (saw) taught us..khair i leave at this.

[Maureen]

i don't condone them...but i can 'understand' them...and not the random ones like in iraq...thats plain stupidity and trouble mongering...but in palestine..yeh i can understand the desperation those people are drivin to for them to blow themselves up

The problem is that they invariably blow others up with them. Apart from that suicide is a sin. I can see that if someone is truly dis-orientated and confused, it could hapen and maybe God does not see that as a sin, but the suicide bombings that are planned are an absolute no-no.

[tauheedul]

I do not care for your opinions on any matter, bro.


Then why make it a public thread?


No. My poll is whether or not you agree with them when they target innocent civilians.
The fact that people vote Yes, or even don't want to say Yes or No shows something


Why are people having a go at each other on this thread? the thread asks a question, and people having given their views. Yet people are using it as an excuse to insult each other. This is why i think of this as a pointless thread, i expected this to occur. Unless this is what Kal-el has intended.

Some things go without saying, you dont have to vote to say you dont "condone" something. Its obvious Islam doesnt condone suicide bombings. However there will always be people who are unsure, so you shouldnt insult them. Rather make them understand. I havent bothered answering the poll.

I would expect a thread like this to be started by a non muslim.

[Abu Hurairah]

Then why make it a public thread?

Why are people having a go at each other on this thread? the thread asks a question, and people having given their views. Yet people are using it as an excuse to insult each other. This is why i think of this as a pointless thread, i expected this to occur. Unless this is what Kal-el has intended.

Some things go without saying, you dont have to vote to say you dont "condone" something. Its obvious Islam doesnt condone suicide bombings. However there will always be people who are unsure, so you shouldnt insult them. Rather make them understand. I havent bothered answering the poll.

I would expect a thread like this to be started by a non muslim.
Masha'allah Akhy some good points made. :up:

[PilotAli]

I think it's against Islam to carry out such bombing as taking ones own life is haramm :torture:

[Kal-El]

Then why make it a public thread?

Intelligently, one would realise that I was referring to him and his opinions which I do not care for.

Why are people having a go at each other on this thread? the thread asks a question, and people having given their views. Yet people are using it as an excuse to insult each other. This is why i think of this as a pointless thread, i expected this to occur. Unless this is what Kal-el has intended.

I haven't had a go at anyone, it's just that some people misunderstood the question and I clarified it hence in some parts it turned into a discussion, with entities like Abdulsamad declaring he cannot make up his mind whether or not it's right.

Some things go without saying, you dont have to vote to say you dont "condone" something. Its obvious Islam doesnt condone suicide bombings. However there will always be people who are unsure, so you shouldnt insult them. Rather make them understand. I havent bothered answering the poll.

Poll shows otherwise, and you should realise now that some do condone it in general.

I would expect a thread like this to be started by a non muslim.

Surprise!!!

[Le Croyant]

I disagree with the tactics murdering innocent civilians, as far as I can see the suicide aspect is irrelevant, whether people strap explosives to themselves or drop bombs from airplane if they end result is the death of innocent civilians what difference does it make ?


Yup that's what i think.. it's a weapon of choice. But I would personally discourage it... use remote controlled bombs if u have to, & use the mujahid in gun battles.

And if the bombing targets non-combatants intentionally then it's not right... be it a suicide bombing or a F-16 dropping bombs.

[Kal-El]

Your brave for saying that here. :up:

[Le Croyant]

Your brave for saying that here. :up:

why brave? :scratch:

[abdusamad]

that is not wot our beloved prophet (saw) taught us..khair i leave at this.


Yes, true!

None of us is perfect.

[Ruprecht]

I'm not against the idea of people taking on missions which offer little to no chance of survival.

These "suicide bombings" are different though.

They rarely seem to be aimed at strategic military targets.
They rarely seem to be significantly more effective than non-suicidal attacks.
They seem like a waste of resources.
They seriously damage the image and credibility of the side on whose behalf the action is undertaken.
The overall aim seems to be to effect political changes by terrorising the civilian population.

So no... I'm not a fan.

[Refugee]

I don't support them in general, but in times of war, when there are no other option, and on the condition that only military units (or paramilitary units, like armed Israeli settlers) are targetted, then I would accept them.

Sooo..I'm gonna choose 'no'.

love your avvie :up:

[abdusamad]

I condone

[Masumah]

I condone

bro out of interest wud that include..9/11...7/7 and madrid?

[abdusamad]

bro out of interest wud that include..9/11...7/7 and madrid?

I have not condemned them.

[Masumah]

ok

[Maureen]

Your brave for saying that here. :up:

Not sure if this question should be in Learn about Islam.
Someone else here said it is against Islam to take one's life, and that is my understanding too. How can a Muslim condone suicide bombings then? Is this not a contradiction?

[yarerong]

This false ideals cause the death of millions in the name of Allah. Sad that we must loose our innocence because they twist words. The word of the koran is true but men twist them to there means to an end. (sad:( )

[yarerong]

This false ideals cause the death of millions in the name of Allah. Sad that we must loose our innocence because they twist words. The word of the koran is true but men twist them to there means to an end. (sad:( )

[cl@rity]

I dont agree with suicide bombings.

[THE PATH 2]

a live person is more useful than a dead person

suicide bombing is self destructive and community destructive and family destructive too..in fact ummah and humanity destructive

ask the families of the 7/7 bombers

[Kal-El]

Some of the replies here literally made me laugh with tears. Man I was combative back then

[abood]

So who is a legitimate target for a suicide bomber, according to you?

:D :D :D :D

i don't know exactly...... because its their decision

[Skavau]

:D :D :D :D

i don't know exactly...... because its their decision

So if it is their decision, I (if a suicide bomber decided) - would be a legitimate target?

[abood]

So if it is their decision, I (if a suicide bomber decided) - would be a legitimate target?

its your decision then... :D

[Skavau]

its your decision then... :D

I suspect this might be a language problem.

What if I was a target by suicide bombers? Would they be right in targeting me?

[abood]

I suspect this might be a language problem.

What if I was a target by suicide bombers? Would they be right in targeting me?

well its there problem if you are targeted by mistake or not..

every 1 have to die.. no 1 knows how you or me will die...

if they taget you then it means you are meant to taget by them... may be you are wanted


:D :D :D :D :D

[Skavau]

well its there problem if you are targeted by mistake or not..
This is very confusing. If I am targeted by suicide bombers by mistake then how can my targeting be at all just? It would have been an accident.

every 1 have to die.. no 1 knows how your or me will die...
Yes. Everyone does die eventually. So what? The fact that someone will eventually die does not give validity to them being killed by another human being.

if they taget you then it means you are meant to taget by them... may be you are wanted
If I am targeted by suicide bombers, then obviously I am meant to be targeted by them. But how is me being targeted by suicide bombers right?

[abood]

This is very confusing. If I am targeted by suicide bombers by mistake then how can my targeting be at all just? It would have been an accident.


Yes. Everyone does die eventually. So what? The fact that someone will eventually die does not give validity to them being killed by another human being.


If I am targeted by suicide bombers, then obviously I am meant to be targeted by them. But how is me being targeted by suicide bombers right?


But how is me being targeted by suicide bombers right?[/
what do you mean by that??

believe me i cannot undestand you.. my english is poor.. :o

explain...

[THE PATH 2]

good...

i agree with sucide bombers..
they should target muslims too...




they should also target those coward sleeping muslims...




FIRST I thought you were young and naive

now i conclude youre totally in need of :help:

you need an education and guidance..seriously

[sajeda]

I can not answer this question with a yes or no... I am too close to the subject in my heart.

[abood]

FIRST I thought you were young and naive

now i conclude youre totally in need of :help:

you need an education and guidance..seriously

well i don't need education...

those coward muslims who are sitting in home needs education by you..

i hope you will help them...

[Joha]

they should target muslims too...

they should also target those coward sleeping muslims...

FIRST I thought you were young and naive

These two posts bring me very nicely on to this poem:

They came first for the Communists, and I didn't speak up,
because I wasn't a Communist.
Then they came for the Jews, and I didn't speak up,
because I wasn't a Jew.
Then they came for the trade unionists, and I didn't speak up,
because I wasn't a trade unionist.
Then they came for the Catholics, and I didn't speak up,
because I was a Protestant.
Then they came for me,
and by that time no one was left to speak up.

just maybe... this poem might be relevant.

[Spiff]

These two posts bring me very nicely on to this poem:

They came first for the Communists, and I didn't speak up,
because I wasn't a Communist.How about quoting the author, Lutheran Pastor Martin Niemoeller, active anti-Nazi and killed by the Hitler regime ?

[Joha]

How about quoting the author, Lutheran Pastor Martin Niemoeller, active anti-Nazi and killed by the Hitler regime ?

He was the author - thought I'd referenced it, prob forgot.

Anyway, what's your point?

[afsalim]

I condemn them wholeheartedly. There can be no justification in blowing up innocent women and children.

[Spiff]

I condemn them wholeheartedly. There can be no justification in blowing up innocent women and children.Not to speak of innocent (or even slightly guilty) men...

[extempers]

Bismillah,

How many ulema support suicide missions with stronger daleel?

It's all political and revolves around Palestine. Defending yourself and blowing yourself up are two different things.

[Slot]

By suicide missions you mean like blowing yourself up, not like going on a mission where you are likely going to die, right?

[Cartman]

I don't like suicide bombings because they kill so many innocents most of the time and because tactically, they are utterly worthless

[AbuMubarak]

i dont particularly subscribe to the suicide bombings myself, if i were to go into battle, i would want to die in a blaze of gunfire, not by pushing a button


BUT

i will not say it is suicide, nor condemn them, or say they are cowards, or the rest of that nonsense, because it is NOT suicide, it is a form of fighting that instills a great terror into the hearts of the kuffar

we can disagree without going to extremes, and thats what i think the problem is, muslims who do nothing want to attack those who do something

they dont support the mujahideen, but they do support bush's adviser

[KhalisahdaGreat]

i dont particularly subscribe to the suicide bombings myself, if i were to go into battle, i would want to die in a blaze of gunfire, not by pushing a button


BUT

i will not say it is suicide, nor condemn them, or say they are cowards, or the rest of that nonsense, because it is NOT suicide, it is a form of fighting that instills a great terror into the hearts of the kuffar

we can disagree without going to extremes, and thats what i think the problem is, muslims who do nothing want to attack those who do something

they dont support the mujahideen, but they do support bush's adviser

Dictionary: suicide (n)

1. The act or an instance of intentionally killing oneself.
2. The destruction or ruin of one's own interests: It was political suicide for Hamas not to stop the suicide attacks on Israel, because their government was marginalized.
3. One who commits suicide.

By all of these definitions, what these people are doing IS suicide, and furthermore, it's haram:

Surah an-Nisa' 29-30: But let there be amongst you Traffic and trade by mutual good-will: Nor kill (or destroy) yourselves: for verily Allah hath been to you Most Merciful! If any do that in rancour and injustice,- soon shall We cast them into the Fire: And easy it is for Allah.

Narrated Jundab:The Messenger of Allah :saw: said, "A man was inflicted with wounds and he committed suicide, and so Allah said: My slave has caused death on himself hurriedly, so I forbid Paradise for him." - Bukhari Volume 2, Book 23, Number 445

Narrated Thabit bin Ad-Dahhak: "And if somebody commits suicide with anything in this world, he will be tortured with that very thing on the Day of Resurrection." - Bukhari Volume 8, Book 73, Number 73

How is it even considered 'fighting' when they never face enemy soldiers outright? They sneak up in some cafe, on some bus, or in some marketplace and blow themselves up, killing innocent people. Not only that, they leave behind wives and children to fend for themselves. I call that despicable AND cowardly.

[GothiKa]

I disagree with suicide bombing as a means of martyrdom because it is painfully logically inconsistent.

[GothiKa]

I applaud Khalisa's post, especially the following part: How is it even considered 'fighting' when they never face enemy soldiers outright? They sneak up in some cafe, on some bus, or in some marketplace and blow themselves up, killing innocent people.

[Dowlatkhahi]

Anyone that says yes is just stupid.

Allah will punish those who kill others, for kill one man is like killing all mankind.

[AbuMubarak]

anyone who says yes is just plain stupid?

this is your educated summation after reading and hearing all of the positions in the affirmative?

just plain stupid? what a moronic response

[muhammed_1428]

No.

[-Shamil-]

I applaud Khalisa's post, especially the following part: How is it even considered 'fighting' when they never face enemy soldiers outright? They sneak up in some cafe, on some bus, or in some marketplace and blow themselves up, killing innocent people.

i thought the bit of her post you've just quoted was utter rubbish but there you go :rolleyes:

Who says all operations are aimed at "innocent poeple"? Is every group that has ever carried out these operations the same? What about the ones that have targetted military or political targets? Do they not face the soldiers when they attack them?

And what about the operations that have SAVED hundreds of innocent lives - do you blindly condemn them as you do the rest?

[AbuMubarak]

shamil

its that automatic, kafir-inspired knee-jerk response

they dont bother wanting to know more, they feel they know all they need to know and they feel perfectly fine condemning muslims

[hanifa]

I applaud Khalisa's post, especially the following part: How is it even considered 'fighting' when they never face enemy soldiers outright? They sneak up in some cafe, on some bus, or in some marketplace and blow themselves up, killing innocent people.
I agree (with you)

[AbuMubarak]

blanket condemnations all around

[AbuMubarak]

I condemn them wholeheartedly. There can be no justification in blowing up innocent women and children.
i didnt know that was the question

i thought the question was do you condone suicide bombings (martyrdom operations)

why the knee jerk reaction to bring up blowing up innocent people?

do you know how many martyrdom operations involved cafes? how many involved military people?

do you care?

[KhalisahdaGreat]

i thought the bit of her post you've just quoted was utter rubbish but there you go :rolleyes:

Who says all operations are aimed at "innocent poeple"? Is every group that has ever carried out these operations the same? What about the ones that have targetted military or political targets? Do they not face the soldiers when they attack them?

And what about the operations that have SAVED hundreds of innocent lives - do you blindly condemn them as you do the rest?

Most DO take out innocent people along with the intended targets. Since suicide is haram it really doesn't matter what their target is or what the outcome is anyway. "The end justifies the means" doesn't exist in Islam; if they are carrying out haram acts I WILL condemn it as a Muslim. I don't need to know their reasoning. I condemn ALL suicide bombings as cowardly and disgusting acts, not 'martyrdom operations'.

[-Shamil-]

Most DO take out innocent people along with the intended targets. Since suicide is haram it really doesn't matter what their target is or what the outcome is anyway. "The end justifies the means" doesn't exist in Islam; if they are carrying out haram acts I WILL condemn it as a Muslim. I don't need to know their reasoning. I condemn ALL suicide bombings as cowardly and disgusting acts, not 'martyrdom operations'.


Ok so now its "most" bombings take out innocent people - you've either changed your opinion or are back-tracking - your original post suggested "all" - now its "most", we're getting somewhere

but still you maintain all bombings are cowardly and disgusting - and i assume your fan club of gothika and hanifa agree with you - so again i ask you, do you consider those brothers that blew themselves up to save innocent lives as cowards and disgusting people?


regarding the suicide/martyrdom debate, i had a great piece which summed up the debate without blanket criticism or blanket support - i'll try to find it and post it

[AbuMubarak]

Most DO take out innocent people along with the intended targets. Since suicide is haram it really doesn't matter what their target is or what the outcome is anyway. "The end justifies the means" doesn't exist in Islam; if they are carrying out haram acts I WILL condemn it as a Muslim. I don't need to know their reasoning. I condemn ALL suicide bombings as cowardly and disgusting acts, not 'martyrdom operations'.
Allah forbids the cutting of trees. did the Prophet cut trees?

Allah forbids fighting during the sacred months. did the Prophet fight during the sacred months?

Allah forbids the killing of non-combatants, did the Prophet kill non-combatants?

you say the end doesnt justify the means, you say you will condemn haram actions, so the above three examples are clearly haram, so explain how they were done

[-Shamil-]

i didnt know that was the question

i thought the question was do you condone suicide bombings (martyrdom operations)

why the knee jerk reaction to bring up blowing up innocent people?

do you know how many martyrdom operations involved cafes? how many involved military people?

do you care?

good point bruv - the minute the topic comes up, the fox news brigade here get all up in arms with their silly knee-jerk reactions - they post almost without thinking and repeat what cnn and fox tells them...

it seems some people have lost the ability to think for themselves

[KhalisahdaGreat]

good point bruv - the minute the topic comes up, the fox news brigade here get all up in arms with their silly knee-jerk reactions - they post almost without thinking and repeat what cnn and fox tells them...

it seems some people have lost the ability to think for themselves

Including yourself? Alll you've done is parrot what he's said. My original post never said anything about 'all suicide bombings'. Nice try, but I don't watch either CNN or FOX News, unless it's for entertainment/comedic value. If I watch the news at all, I watch www.freespeechtv.com. If you'd bothered to read my most recent post, you'd see the answer to your original ridiculous question.

[AbuMubarak]

major difference between parroting and agreeing

problem is that there is a contingency of muslims who, when they hear jihad and the mujahideen, PARROT the kuffar and accuse muslims of killing innocent people, instead of thinking the best of their muslim brothers, they automatically bring up killing innocent people, just like the kuffar do

but when a muslim speaks about the kuffar and their evil and how we should distance ourselves from the kuffar and so forth, these same muslims are the first to tell muslims we are not to judge, and we are to be kind, and forgiving, and compassionate, and practice the niceness of the Prophet

kind to the kuffar
harsh to the muslims

this is a major problem in this ummah these days

[KhalisahdaGreat]

major difference between parroting and agreeing

problem is that there is a contingency of muslims who, when they hear jihad and the mujahideen, PARROT the kuffar and accuse muslims of killing innocent people, instead of thinking the best of their muslim brothers, they automatically bring up killing innocent people, just like the kuffar do

but when a muslim speaks about the kuffar and their evil and how we should distance ourselves from the kuffar and so forth, these same muslims are the first to tell muslims we are not to judge, and we are to be kind, and forgiving, and compassionate, and practice the niceness of the Prophet

kind to the kuffar
harsh to the muslims

this is a major problem in this ummah these days

Yeah, there is a difference. That's why we can clearly see that this is exactly what some "Muslims" do; parrot their Wahhabi doctrine. Suicide bombers aren't mujahedeen; why should I give them the benefit of a doubt? I judge them by the same standards as I do all people who commit evil acts. I don't have kafir friends nor do I hold them to the same standards of righteousness as I do Muslims, so I don't feel that I need to speak on what they do. Allah SWT will judge them as He will ALL His creation. Kafirun don't represent our deen, Muslims do. SUICIDE IS HARAM, and whether you want to admit it or not, these people are killing innocents, therefore, those who are doing it should be called on it and not applauded for doing evil.

[-Shamil-]

Including yourself? Alll you've done is parrot what he's said. My original post never said anything about 'all suicide bombings'. Nice try, but I don't watch either CNN or FOX News, unless it's for entertainment/comedic value. If I watch the news at all, I watch www.freespeechtv.com (http://www.freespeechtv.com). If you'd bothered to read my most recent post, you'd see the answer to your original ridiculous question.

please respond to my post which was directed at you and not my post to abumubarak... i want you to answer the question i posed...are those who sacrificed themselves to save muslim women and children evil?

[Cartman]

please respond to my post which was directed at you and not my post to abumubarak... i want you to answer the question i posed...are those who sacrificed themselves to save muslim women and children evil?

im bored so I'll answer...

of course those who sacrifice themselves to save muslims are noble if they do it through noble means.

islam is not a religion that goes by "the end justifies the means"...

[-Shamil-]

im bored so I'll answer...

of course those who sacrifice themselves to save muslims are noble if they do it through noble means.

islam is not a religion that goes by "the end justifies the means"...

so whats a noble mean to you then? if brother blows himself up, sacrificing himself to save his family...is that noble enough for the internet pundits here?

[KhalisahdaGreat]

so whats a noble mean to you then? if brother blows himself up, sacrificing himself to save his family...is that noble enough for the internet pundits here?

If he blows himself up, it doesn't matter what the cause is, it's HARAM and Allah SWT will punish him accordingly. I already answered this, as I said before. Pay attention before you offer rebuttals if you want to be taken seriously in a debate.

[-Shamil-]

If he blows himself up, it doesn't matter what the cause is, it's HARAM and Allah SWT will punish him accordingly. I already answered this, as I said before. Pay attention before you offer rebuttals if you want to be taken seriously in a debate.


no you didnt answer it...but i wanted your clarification to know where you stand...now alhumdulillah i know you position - side by side with the kuffar

also i think you need to learn what "martyrdom" is, what it constitutes - in fact you also need to learn what suicide is - here is the article i was on about, it explains it better than i ever could:

All praise is due to Allah, Sustainer of the Universe, Who informs us that:

"Were it not for Allah's repelling some people by means of others, the earth would surely have become corrupt." [Quran]

The choicest peace and blessings be on the Chief of the Prophets, who has said,

"By [Allah] in Whose Hand is my soul! I have surely wished to be killed in the path of Allah, then brought to life, then killed [again], then brought to life, then killed!" [Bukhari, Muslim and others]

And who has also said, "Act, and each will be eased to that for which he was created." [Bukhari, Muslim and others]

Allah legislated Jihad for the dignity of this Ummah, knowing that it is abhorrent to us. People today have neglected this great duty, and pursued what they love, thinking good lies in what they love, and failing to realize that good lies in that which Allah has legislated.

Before we embark on a detailed exposition concerning the Islamic verdict on martyrdom operations, it is appropriate for us to first present a brief, to-the-point response:

Firstly : If you did not know, could you not ask? It is not appropriate for someone who is unaware of a verdict to make sweeping statements accusing others of wrongdoing. If those who criticized us had only investigated the issue first, they would have found that the issue is, at worst, a disagreed issue among scholars, such that we cannot be criticized for following legitimate scholarship.

Secondly : We request our respected brothers, who seek the truth, not to criticize us for anything without backing the criticism with verdicts of scholars, and [especially] the understanding of the Pious Predecessors.

Thirdly : Dear brothers and sisters! Not every martyrdom operation is legitimate, nor is every martyrdom operation prohibited. Rather, the verdict differs based on factors such as the enemy's condition, the situation of the war, the potential martyr's personal circumstances, and the elements of the operation itself. Thus, one may not give a verdict on such operations without having an understanding of the actual situation, and this is obtained from the Mujahideen, and not the unbelievers. How, then, can you accuse us of ignorance when you are unaware of our situation, let alone the specific details of the operation in question?

Definition of Martyrdom Operations, and their Effect on the Enemy

Martyrdom or self-sacrifice operations are those performed by one or more people, against enemies far outstripping them in numbers and equipment, with prior knowledge that the operations will almost inevitably lead to death.

The form this usually takes nowadays is to wire up one's body, or a vehicle or suitcase with explosives, and then to enter amongst a conglomeration of the enemy, or in their vital facilities, and to detonate in an appropriate place there in order to cause the maximum losses in the enemy ranks, taking advantage of the element of surprise and penetration. Naturally, the enacter of the operation will usually be the first to die.
Another technique is for an armed Mujahid to break into the enemy barracks, or area of conglomeration, and fire at them at close-range, without having prepared any plan of escape, nor having considered escape a possibility. The objective is to kill as many of the enemy as possible, and he will almost certainly die.

The name 'suicide-operations' used by some is inaccurate, and in fact this name was chosen by the Jews to discourage people from such endeavours. How great is the difference between one who commits suicide - because of his unhappiness, lack of patience and weakness or absence of iman and has been threatened with Hell-Fire - and between the self-sacrificer who embarks on the operation out of strength of faith and conviction, and to bring victory to Islam, by sacrificing his life for the upliftment of Allah's word!

As for the effects of these operations on the enemy, we have found, through the course of our experience that there is no other technique which strikes as much terror into their hearts, and which shatters their spirit as much. On account of this they refrain from mixing with the population, and from oppressing, harassing and looting them. They have also become occupied with trying to expose such operations before they occur, which has distracted them from other things. Praise is to Allah. Many of their imminent plans were foiled, and furthermore, Putin issued a severe condemnation of the Home Affairs and Defense Ministers, placing the responsibility on them, and threatening high-level reshufflings in the two ministries. Those troops who are not busy trying to foil martyrdom operations are occupied with removal of Russian corpses, healing the wounded, and drawing out plans and policies from beneath the debris. This is all on the moral level.

On the material level, these operations inflict the heaviest losses on the enemy, and are lowest in cost to us. The cost of equipment is negligible in comparison to the assault; in fact the explosives and vehicles were captured as war-booty, such that we returned them to the Russians in our special way! The human casualty is a single life, who is in fact a martyr and hero gone ahead to Gardens of Eternity, inshaa-Allah. As for the enemy, their losses are high; after the last operation, they had over 1,600 dead and wounded, and the most crucial concentration of Russian forces in Chechnya was completely destroyed.

All of this was achieved by the efforts of only four heroes. We feel sure that the Russians will not remain long in our land with such operations continuing. Either they will fear aggregation, in which case they will become easy targets for attack, or they will gather together to combat the assaults, in which case the martyrdom operations will be sufficient - Allah willing - to disperse them. If they wish to keep matters under control, they would need more than 300,000 troops in every city, and this is no exaggeration.

One can see how much fear the operations in Palestine caused, and that they were a major factor in convincing the Jews to grant self-rule to the Palestinians, hoping that they could be more easily controlled in that way. In Chechnya, the damage is much greater than in similar operations in Palestine, on account of Russian fortification being much less than that possessed by the Jews.

Evidences for the Issue

Before going into the verdict concerning the operations, citing the pronouncements of scholars about them, and resolving some unclear issues, it is appropriate for us to first present some of the Shar`i (Islamic law) evidences, and then follow them up with discussion and application thereof. We will not analyze the chains of transmission of each narration separately; we will regard it as sufficient that the basis of the evidence is in the collections of Bukhari and Muslim, and hence any reports outside of these two books is strengthened by them.

1 - "Verily, Allah has purchased from the believers their selves and their wealth, in return for Heaven being theirs. They fight in the path of Allah and they kill and are killed " [Qur'an, 9:111]

Hence, any scenario in which the Mujahid offers the purchase price in order to attain the merchandise is permissible unless an evidence exists to specifically prohibit it.

2 - "How many a small force has overcome a numerous force, by the permission of Allah. And Allah is with the steadfast ones." [Qur'an, 2:249]

This verse indicates that the measure of power in the Shari`ah is not primarily linked to material, worldly measures.

3 - "Among mankind is he who sells himself seeking the pleasure of Allah. And Allah is Pitying towards the servants." [Qur'an, 2:207]

According to the explanation of this verse by the Sahabah, as we cite below, one who sells himself for the sake of Allah is not considered to have committed suicide, even if he immerses himself into 1,000 of the enemy forces without armour.

4 - In the hadith in Sahih Muslim, containing the account of the boy and the king in the story of the Trenches referred to by Surah al-Buruj, we find that the unbelieving king tried various means to kill the believing boy, failing each time. Eventually, the boy told him, "You will not be able to kill me until … you gather people on one plateau, hang me on a palm-trunk, take an arrow from my quiver, place it in the bow, say, "In the name of Allah, the Lord of the boy," and shoot me." The king did this, and thereby managed to kill the boy as predicted, but the people who had gathered began saying, "We believe in Allah, the Lord of the boy!" Thereupon, the king ordered trenches to be dug, and fires lit in them, and then for the people to be made to jump into them if they refused to give up their faith. This was done, and eventually a woman was brought with her infant, and she hesitated to jump on account of him, but he said, "O mother! Remain steadfast for you are upon the truth."

The boy, in this hadith, ordered the king to kill him in the interest of the religion, and this indicates that such a deed is legitimate, and not considered suicide.

5 - Imam Ahmad has narrated in his Musnad (1/310) [and a similar narration is in Ibn Majah (4030)] that Ibn `Abbas said that the Messenger of Allah said, "On the night in which I was taken by night, a pleasant fragrance came my way, and so I said, "O Gabriel! What is this pleasant fragrance?" He said, "This is the fragrance of the hairdresser of Pharaoh's daughter, and [of the hairdresser]'s children." I said, "What is her situation?" He said, "While she was combing Pharaoh's daughter's hair one day, the comb fell from her hand, so she said, "In the name of Allah." Pharaoh's daughter asked, "[You mean] my father?" She said, "No, rather my Lord, and the Lord of your father, is Allah." She said, "Can I tell him that?" She said, "Yes."" The hadith goes on to describe that a huge brass pot was heated, and it was ordered for her and her children to be cast therein. She requested from Pharaoh - and he acceded to her request - that her bones and her children's bones be gathered in a single cloth and buried. Her children were then thrown into the cauldron one by one before her eyes, until they got to a suckling infant, and it seemed she wavered on account of him, but he said, "O mother! Jump in, for the torture of this world is lighter than the punishment of the Hereafter." So she jumped in.

The narrators of the chain [of Imam Ahmad's version] are reliable, apart from Abu `Umar al-Dareer, whom al-Dhahabi and Abu Hatim al-Razi considered truthful, and Ibn Hibban considered reliable.

According to this hadith, the child was made to speak, as was the child in the preceding story of the trenches, telling the mother to jump into the fire, which indicates the virtue of this deed.

6 - Abu Dawud (3/27) and Tirmidhi (4/280) have narrated (and Tirmidhi graded it as sahih) that Aslam ibn `Imran narrated that when they were fighting a mighty army of the Romans, a man in the Muslim army attacked the Roman ranks until he penetrated them. People shouted, saying, "SubhanAllah! He has contributed to his own destruction." Thereupon, Abu Ayyub al-Ansari stood up, and said, "O people! You give this interpretation to this verse, whereas it was revealed concerning us, the Ansar, when Allah had given honour to Islam and its supporters had become many, whereupon some of us secretly said to one another … "Our wealth has been depleted, and Allah has given honour to Islam and its supporters have become many, so let us stay amidst our wealth and make up what has been depleted of it." Thereupon, Allah revealed to His Prophet [meaning] "And spend in the Path of Allah, and do not contribute to your own destruction" [Qur'an, 2:195] refuting what we had said. So, the destruction lay in staying with our wealth and repleting it, and abandoning combat." Abu Ayyub remained fixed until he [was killed and] was buried in Rome.
Al-Hakim authenticated it, saying it conforms to the criteria of Bukhari and Muslim, and Dhahabi corroborated him. Nasa'i and Ibn Hibban also narrated it. Bayhaqi included it, and other narrations in his Sunan in a chapter entitled, "Permissibility of a man or men fighting alone in the enemy land," thereby citing it as evidence for the permissibility of advancing against a group, even if the more likely result is that they will kill him.

In this hadith, Abu Ayyub explained that the verse (Qur'an, 2:195) does not apply to one who plunges into the enemy ranks alone, even though it may seem to people that he is destroying himself. The Sahabah tacitly confirmed this explanation of his [by not objecting].

7 - Ibn Abi Shaybah has narrated in his Musannaf (5/338) that Mu`adh ibn `Afra' asked the Messenger of Allah, "What makes Allah laugh upon His slave?" The reply: "[The servant] immersing himself into the enemy without armour." Mu`adh then took off his armour and fought until he was killed.

This hadith is a clear evidence for the virtue of Jihad operations in which it is most likely that one will die, and it indicates that Jihad has some special rules which permit what may normally be prohibited.

8 - Ibn Abi Shaybah has extracted (5/289) [and similarly Tirmidhi (2491 and 2492, the latter narration he classified as sahih) and Nasa'i (1597 and 2523), and Ahmad (20,393), as well as Tabarani (in al-Kabir, with a hasan chain) and Ibn al-Mubarak (in Kitab al-Jihad, 1/84)], "Three [categories of people] Allah loves,…" and among them is "a man who was in a dispatchment and met the enemy, and they were defeated, but he faced them with his chest until he was killed or victorious." Al-Hakim also narrated it, and said it is sahih.

9 - Ahmad narrated in his Musnad (6/22) from Ibn Mas`ud that the Prophet said, "Our Sustainer marvels at two men: a man who stirs from his bed … to salah … and a man who fights in the path of Allah, and his companions are defeated, and he realizes what awaits him in defeat and what awaits him in returning [to combat], but he returns [to combat] until his blood is spilled. Allah says, "Look at My servant who went back [to combat] hopeful and anxious for what is with Me, until his blood was spilled."
Ahmad Shakir said,: its chain is sahih. Haythami said in Majma` al-Zawa'id: Ahmad ad Abu Ya`la narrated it, as did Tabarani in al-Kabir, and its isnad is hasan. Abu Dawud and Al-Hakim narrated it in abbreviated form, and Al-Hakim authenticated it. Ibn al-Nahhas said: even if there were only this single authentic hadith, it would suffice us as evidence for the virtue of plunging [into the enemy ranks].

10 - Muslim has narrated from Abu Hurayrah, "Among the best of lives for people is a man who clasps the reins of his horse in the path of Allah, rushing on its back; whenever he hears a cry [of battle] or advancement towards the enemy, he hurries to it, seeking death and being slain with eagerness."

This indicates that seeking to be killed and pursuing martyrdom are legitimate and praiseworthy acts.

11 - Bayhaqi has narrated in Al-Sunan al-Kubra (9/100) with a sahih chain from Mujahid that the Prophet sent out `Abdullah ibn Mas`ud and Khabbab as one dispatchment, and Dihyah as a dispatchment on his own.

This indicates that regardless of the level of risk in a Jihad operation, it remains permissible by default, and the greater the risk, the greater the reward.

12 - Bukhari and Muslim have narrated that Talhah shielded the Prophet from arrows in the Battle of Uhud, and his hand was crippled thereby.

13 - Bukhari and Muslim have reported that Salamah ibn al-Akwa` was asked, "For what did you pledge allegiance to the Prophet on the Day of Hudaybiyyah?" He said, "For death."

14- Many have reported from Muhammad ibn Thabit ibn Qays Ibn Shimas, when the Muslims were disclosed on the Day of Yamamah, Salim, the freed-slave of Abu Hudhayfah, said, "This is not how we used to act with the Messenger of Allah." Then, he dug a trench for himself, and stood in it carrying the flag, and fought until he was killed as a martyr on the Day of Yamamah.

This and the next report indicate that steadfastness is desirable, even if it leads to death, and Salim attributed this type of action to the [days of] the Messenger of Allah.

15 - Ibn Jareer Tabari has narrated in his Tarikh (2/151) that in the Battle of Mu'tah, Ja`far ibn Abi Talib took the flag and fought until he became immersed in the fighting, whereupon he turned to a light-colored horse he had and wounded it [so he could not escape], then he fought until he was killed. Hence, JA`far was the first Muslim to wound his horse [in this manner].

16 - Muslim has narrated that a man heard a Sahabi saying, when the enemy was near, "The Messenger of Allah said : The doors of Heaven are under the shade of the swords." The man, upon hearing this, got up and asked for verification of the hadith. When it was confirmed, he turned to his companions, gave them the greeting of salam, broke and discarded the scabbard of his sword and then advanced to the enemy with his sword, striking them until he was killed.

[The original study in Arabic contains 40 narrations, but for brevity we have omitted the remainder].

Verdicts of Scholars Concerning one who Attacks the Enemy Alone

Having established the permissibility of plunging into the enemy and attacking alone even when death is certain, we proceed and say that the martyrdom operations are derived from this principle, realizing that the prohibition of suicide relates to deficiency or absence of faith. However, the former generations did not have knowledge of martyrdom operations in their current-day form, for these evolved with the changes in techniques of warfare, and hence they did not specifically address them. However, they did address similar issues, such as that of attacking the enemy single-handed and frightening them with one's own death being certain. They also deduced general principles under which the martyrdom operations fall, and in doing so they relied on evidences such as those we have mentioned in the previous section. There is one difference between the martyrdom operations and their classical precedent, namely that in our case the person is killed by his own hand, whereas in the other he was killed by the enemy. We also explain that this difference does not affect the verdict.
A. Scholars of the Sahabah and Tabi`in

1 - Ibn al-Mubarak and Ibn Abi Shaybah (5/303) have reported, through a sahih chain, that Mudrik ibn `Awf al-Ahmasi said, "I was in the presence of `Umar when the messenger of Nu`man ibn Muqrin cam to him and `Umar asked him about the people, whereupon he replied, "So-and-so and so-and-so were hit, and others and others whom I do not know." `Umar said, "But Allah knows them." [The messenger] said, "O chief of the believers! [There was] a man who sold his life." At this Mudrik said, "That is my maternal uncle, by Allah, O chief of the believers! People claimed he has contributed to his own destruction." `Umar said, "They have lied (or: are mistaken). Rather, he is among those who have bought the Hereafter with this world." Bayhaqi mentioned that that was on the day of Nahawand.

2 - Ibn Abi Shaybah has extracted (5/322) that a battalion of unbelievers advanced, and a man of the Ansar faced them and attacked them, and broke through the ranks, then returned, repeating this twice or thrice. Sa`d ibn Hisham mentioned this to Abu Hurayrah, who recited the verse (meaning), "Among mankind is he who sells himself seeking the pleasure of Allah."

3 - Al-Hakim has extracted in the Book of Tafseer (2/275) and Ibn Abi Hatim (1/128), with a similar narration recorded by Ibn `Asakir, that Bara' was asked about the verse (meaning), "And spend in the Path of Allah, and do not contribute to your own destruction..."; does it refer to a man who encounters the enemy and fights until he is killed? He said, "No, rather it is a man who commits a sin, and then says Allah will not forgive him." Al-Hakim said this is authentic according to Bukhari's and Muslim's criteria. This explanation of the verse was narrated by Tabari in his exegesis (3/584) from Hudhayfah, Ibn `Abbas, `Ikrimah, Hasan Basri, `Ata', Sa`id ibn Jubayr, Dahhak, Suddi, Muqatil and others.

B. Verdicts of Renowned Exegetes


1 - Ibn al-`Arabi says in Ahkam al-Qur'an (1/116, and see also Qurtubi's tafseer 2/364), commenting on the verse, (meaning), "And spend in the Path of Allah, and do not contribute to your own destruction...," "There are five views about [the meaning of] destruction [here]:
Do not give up spending [in the path of Allah]
Do not go out without provision
Do not abandon Jihad
Do not take on an enemy you are not capable of withstanding
Do not despair of forgiveness
Tabari said: "It is general [in scope], and there is no contradiction between them." He is right, except regarding plunging into the enemy, for scholars have disagreed concerning this. Qasim ibn Mukhaymirah, Qasim ibn Muhammad and `Abdul-Malik from among our [Maliki] scholars said there is no objection to a man single-handedly taking on a large army, if he is strong and [the action] is sincerely for Allah. If he has no power, then that is self-destruction. It has been said [by some] that if he is seeking martyrdom and his intention is sincere, he can attack, for his goal is to kill one of the enemy forces, and that is clear in the verse (meaning), "Among mankind is he who sells himself seeking the pleasure of Allah." The correct view by me is that of permissibility of rushing into an army one cannot withstand, for it contains four [possible] aspects:

Seeking martyrdom
Inflicting losses [on the enemy]
Encouraging the Muslims to attack
Demoralizing the enemy, showing them that if one man can do this, what will the totality be capable of!"

2 - Qurtubi says in his Tafseer (2/364), "Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Shaybani, the student of Abu Hanifah, said: If a man single-handedly attacks 1,000 pagans, there is no objection to it if there is hope of success, or inflicting loss on the enemy, otherwise it is disliked, for then he would expose himself to death without benefit to the Muslims. As for someone whose aim is to embolden the Muslims to emulate his feat, it's permissibility is not far-fetched, for it entails benefit to the Muslims in some ways. if his intent is to frighten the enemy, and demonstrate the Muslims' strength of faith, its permissibility is not far-fetched. If there is benefit in it for the Muslims, then giving one's life for the strengthening of the religion and weakening of the unbelievers, then it is the noble rank praised in the verse, (meaning), "Among mankind is he who sells himself seeking the pleasure of Allah." and other verses."

3 - Shawkani says in Fath al-Qadeer (1/297) about the verse of self-destruction, "The reality is that the words have general implication, and are not specific to the circumstances of revelation, and so everything which may be described as worldly or religious self-destruction is covered by it, as stated by Ibn Jareer al-Tabari. Among that which comes under this verse is a man attacking an enemy army which he can neither overcome, nor have any effect beneficial to the Mujahideen."
This implies that if there is a benefit it is permissible.

C. Texts of the Madhahib

1 - Hanafi

Ibn `Abideen says in his Hashiyah (4/303), "There is no objection to a man fighting alone, even if he thinks he will be killed, provided he achieves something such as killing, wounding or defeating [the enemy], for this has been reported from a number of the Sahabah in the presence of the Messenger of Allah on the Day of Uhud, and he praised them for it. If, however, he knows he will not inflict any loss on them, it is not permissible for him to attack, for it would not contribute to the strengthening of the religion."

2 - Maliki

Ibn Khuwayz-Mandad said, as cited by Qurtubi in his Tafseer (2/364), "As for a man single-handedly attacking 100 or more enemy troops ... this has two scenarios: If he is certain, or reasonably so, that he will kill the subject of his attack, and emerge safe, then it is good, and similarly if he is reasonably certain that he will be killed, but will inflict loss or cause damage, or have a beneficial effect for the Muslims, then it is permissible also." Statements from Qurtubi and Ibn al-`Arabi have already preceded.

3 - Shafi`i

In the completion of Al-Majmu` (19/291) by al-Muti`i, we find, "If the number of the unbelievers are twice the numbers of the Muslims, and they do not fear perdition, it is obligatory to stand firm ... If they are more convinced than not of destruction, then there are two possibilities:

1. That they may turn back, based on the verse (meaning), "do not contribute to your own destruction..."

2. That they may not turn back, and this is the correct view, based on the verse, (meaning), "When you encounter a force, remain steadfast...", and because the Mujahid only fights in order to kill or be killed. If the number of the unbelievers exceed twice the numbers of the Muslims, then they may turn back. If they are more convinced than not that they will not be destroyed, then it is better for them to remain steadfast so that the Muslims are not routed. If they are more convinced than not that they will be destroyed, then there are two possibilities:

That they are obliged to turn back, based on the words of Allah (meaning), "do not contribute to your own destruction..."

That it is recommended for them to turn back, but not binding, for if they are killed they will attain martyrdom."

4 - Hanbali

Ibn Qudamah says in Al-Mughni (9/309),

"If the enemy is more than twice the Muslims' number, and the Muslims are reasonably certain of victory, then it is preferable to remain steadfast on account of the benefit [involved], but if they turn back it is permissible, for they are not immune to destruction ... it is conceivable that they are obliged to stand fast if they are reasonably certain of victory, on account of the benefit, but if they are reasonably certain or being defeated by remaining and being unscathed by turning back, then it is preferable for them to turn back, but if they remain put, it is permissible, for they have a goal of martyrdom, and it is also possible that they will be victorious. If they are reasonably certain of being routed whether they remain put or turn back, then it is preferable for them to remain steadfast to attain the rank or martyrdom, ... and also because it is possible they might be victorious."

Ibn Taymiyyah says, in Majmu` al-Fatawa (28/540),

"Muslim has narrated in his Sahih the story of the people of the trenches, in which the boy ordered his own killing for the benefit of the religion, and hence the four imams have allowed a Muslim to immerse himself in the enemy ranks, even if he is reasonably certain that they will kill him, provided there is benefit in that for the Muslims. "

5 - Zahiri

Ibn Hazm says in Al-Muhalla (7/294), "Neither Abu Ayyub al-Ansari nor Abu Musa al-Ash`ari criticized a man plunging alone into a raging army and remaining steadfast until he was killed... It has been authentically reported that a man from among the Sahabah asked the Messenger of Allah about what makes Allah laugh upon a servant, and he said, "His immersing himself into the enemy without armour," whereupon the man removed his armour and entered the enemy [ranks, fighting] until he was killed."

D. Some Analysis

The hadith of the boy is the strongest of evidences for this issue. The hadith explains that when the boy saw that his being killed in a specific way would be a means for spreading the religion, and hence he advised the king - from whom Allah had protected him hitherto - how to kill him, for spread of the religion and people's entering into it was more weighty in his eyes than his remaining alive, and he thereby contributed to taking his own life. Yes, he did not take it by his own hand, but his opinion was the sole factor leading to his killing. This is just as if a man, suffering from painful wounds, asked someone else to kill him; he would be as guilty of suicide as if he had taken his own life, regardless of who did the killing, for he requested it. Similarly, Allah praised those who believed in the boy's Lord; those who were being forced to jump into the pits of fire for refusing to renounce their faith. Nay, even the infant spoke, encouraging its mother to advance when she hesitated about entering the fire. They were praised in Surah al-Buruj, which described their fate as being gardens beneath which flow rivers, and they are called successful. The story of Pharaoh's daughter's hairdresser is similar. We have cited evidences from our Shari`ah which fortify these two hadiths, and nothing has appeared to contradict sacrificing one's life for raising Allah's word. Hence, the content of these two hadiths is part of our Shari`ah, according to the majority of scholars.

In fact, we see that this sort of operation was carried out in the presence of the Prophet, and after him by the Sahabah, not once but many times. Furthermore, protection of the religion is the greatest service a Mujahid performs, and the evidences do not leave us with any doubt that a Mujahid may sacrifice his life for the religion. Talhah shielded the Prophet with his hand, and this supports the permissibility of a person sacrificing himself for others in the interests of the religion.

E. Synopsis

It has transpired that scholars gave, to the issue of plunging single-handed into the enemy with reasonable certainty of being killed, the same verdict as in cases of death being certain, such that whoever permits the latter permits the former.

Further, the majority of scholars gave conditions for the permissibility:

1. Intention
2. Infliction of losses on the enemy
3. Frightening them
4. Strengthening the hearts of the Muslims

Qurtubi and Ibn Qudamah allowed plunging into the enemy with only a sincere intention, even if no other conditions are fulfilled, for seeking martyrdom is legitimate. Since there is no explicit stipulation of the majority's conditions in narrations, this view appears preferable. The majority deduced their conditions from general standards of the Shari`ah, but the general need not restrict the specific. Yes, we do say that if there is no benefit to the Muslims or the Mujahideen, an action should not be carried out, and is not the most optimal practice, but this is apart from the original permissibility of the act, for to condemn one seeking martyrdom without a firm basis is an injustice.

The Issue of using Prisoners as a Human Shield

The issue of killing Muslim prisoners whom the enemy has used as a human shield resembles the issue at hand, although there is also a difference between them. The similarity is that both involve ending a Muslim life in the interests of the religion. The difference between the issues is that killing those used as a shield was permitted by scholars out of necessity, for there does not exist any text permitting the taking of someone else's life, rather it derives from the public interest overshadowing the individual interest. Hence, killing prisoners used as a shield is based on the rule of necessity permitting the unlawful, and of choosing the lesser of two evils when one is inevitable. As for martyrdom operations, no such rules need be applied, for we have clear texts encouraging plunging into the enemy ranks in spite of the certainty of being killed, and it is not a case of necessity.

Killing another person is an even greater sin than killing oneself; Qurtubi cites in his Tafseer (10/183) consensus of scholars that anyone who is coerced to kill someone else may not comply. Hence whoever allows killing another Muslim, where no textual evidence exists, but for an overwhelming religious benefit, should similarly allow killing oneself for an overwhelming benefit, for the taking of one's own life is less serious than taking someone else's life. This would be even if we did not have any texts to support martyrdom operations, although we actually do have specific evidences, as mentioned earlier.

The Muslim army is ordinarily prohibited from killing not only Muslims, but also dhimmis (unbelievers living as protected subjects of the Muslim state), as well as old men, women and children from among the unbelievers. If Muslim prisoners of war are used by the unbelievers then it is not permissible to fire on them except in cases of dire necessity. In the case of women and children of the unbelievers, however, they could be fired upon for an expediency of war even if it is not dire necessity, for war may need such action, but the intention should not be specifically to kill the non-combatants. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his Household) was asked about the pagans being hit by night, and some women and children being killed in the process, and he replied, "They are from among them." [Bukhari and Muslim] In the case of Muslims, however, firing is permissible only if abstaining will lead to a wholesale harm, such as a greater number of Muslims being killed than those being used as a shield, or the Muslims being defeated and their land overrun. In such a case, any Muslims killed as a result will be raised up according to their intentions.
The majority consider it obligatory to attack the enemy in cases of necessity, even if it leads to the members of a human shield being killed. [See: Shawkani's Fath al-Qadeer (5/447), Mughni al-Muhtaj (4/244), Hashiyat al-Dusuqi (2/178), and Ibn Qudamah's al-Mughni (10/505)] The author of Mughni al-Muhtaj gives two conditions which should be satisfied:

1. That the Mujahideen try their best to avoid hitting the shield deliberately.
2. That they do not intend to kill the people in the shield.

Ibn Taymiyyah said, "If the unbelievers use Muslims as a human shield, and the unbelievers cannot be repelled without killing [the Muslims], then [the Muslim army may fire], for inflictions and afflictions may smite one in this world who does not deserve it in the Hereafter, and it counts as a misfortune for him [for which he may be rewarded]. Some expressed this by saying, "The killer is a Mujahid and the killed one is a martyr.""

The majority of Hanafis and Malikis, as well as Imam Sufyan al-Thawri, have permitted attacking when the enemy have used a shield of Muslims, whether or not abstaining would be detrimental or lead to defeat, reasoning that otherwise Jihad would never take place. [See: Fath al-Qadeer (5/448), Jassas' Ahkam al-Qur'an (5/273) and Minah al-Jaleel (3/151)] The weakness of this position is clear, in that the sanctity of a Muslim life is greater than to allow its taking without a clear proof, and moreover such shields are not universally used, and so Jihad would not necessarily come to a halt.
In the case of women children and old men from among the unbelievers being used as shield, the majority of Hanafis, Shafi`is and Hanbalis have allowed attacking even if it is not a dire necessity. [See: Al-Siyar al-Kabeer (4/1554) Mughni al-Muhtaj (4/224) and Al-Mughni (10/504)] The Malikis differed, but for brevity we will not mention their reasoning. [See: Dardeer's Al-Sharh al-Kabeer (2/178) and Minah al-Jaleel (3/150).]

The View of the Majority Concerning one who assists in Killing

Plunging into the enemy ranks without hope of escape is the greatest means by which a Mujahid contributes to his death, and contributing to one's own death is just like killing oneself, just as one who deliberately causes the death of someone is like one who actually killed him. The majority of scholars, from among the Malikis Shafi`is and Hanbalis, have subjected one who kills someone by consequence to being killed in retaliation just as in the case of direct murder.

Among the textual bases for this is that which Bukhari has reported, that a boy was assassinated, whereupon `Umar said, "Even if all the inhabitants of San`a took part in it, I would kill them all." From a rational angle, if killing in retaliation were to be halted in such a case, murder would increase, for murderers would merely use one or more accomplices without fear of being executed for the crime. The monetary compensation of blood-money would not deter all murderers, especially the well-off. Hence it is fitting for all the participants to be executed, and in a similar light the Qur'an describes one who kills one person to be like one who has killed all mankind. [See: Al-Sayl al-Jarrar (4/397), Tafseer al-Qurtubi (2/251), Majmu` Fatawa Ibn Taymiyyah (20/382), Al-Bahr al-Ra'iq (8/354), Sam`ani's Qawati` al-Adillah (2/243)]

So, if one who kills himself by plunging into the enemy is praised, then this praise applies independent of the weapon and manner in which he gives up his life. We have already mentioned in evidence 14 the Sahabi's action, and no criticism or stipulation has been recorded from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) of such a practice. Hence, if allowing oneself to be killed by the enemy is allowed when it is in the interests of the Muslims, then clearly killing oneself for the same purpose should be allowed, and in such a case a Mujahid is exempted from the general texts which prohibit taking one's own life.

Definition of a Shaheed (martyr)

Nawawi has enumerated [in Sharh Sahih Muslim (1/515) and Al-Majmu` (1/277)] seven explanations for why the martyr is called Shaheed:

(1) Because Allah and the Prophet have testified concerning his entry into Heaven
(2) Because he is alive before his Lord
(3) Because the angels of mercy witness the taking of his soul
(4) Because he will be among those who testify over nations on the Day of Resurrection
(5) Because his faith and good ending have outwardly been witnessed
(6) Because he has a witness to his death, namely his blood
(7) Because his soul immediately witnesses Heaven.
Ibn Hajar has mentioned fourteen means by which a person can acquire the title, some of them specifically related to being killed in the path of Allah and others not. [See: Fath al-Bari (6/43)]

Jurists have given the technical definition of a martyr as follows:

According to the Hanafis:

"One who is killed by the pagans, or is found killed in the battle bearing a mark of any wound, whether external or internal - such as blood emerging from an eye or the like." [Al-`Inayah published on the margins of Fath al-Qadeer (2/142) and Hashiyat Ibn `Abideen (2/268)]

"Anyone who is killed while fighting pagans, or rebels, or brigands, by a means attributed to the enemy - whether directly or by consequence - is a shaheed, anyone who is killed by a means not specifically attributed to [an action of] the enemy is not considered a shaheed." [Zayla`i's Tabyeen al-Haqa'iq, (1/247). See also Al-Bahr al-Ra'iq (2/211)]

According to the Malikis:

"One who is killed while fighting warring unbelievers only, even if killed on Islamic land such as if the enemy attacked the Muslims, [even if he] did not fight on account of being unaware or asleep, [and even if] killed by a Muslim who mistook him for an unbeliever, or trampled by a horse, or mistakenly smitten by his own sword or arrow, or by having fallen into a well or from a cliff during the fighting." [Dardeer's Al-Sharh al-Kabeer, (1/425)]

According to the Shafi`is:

"One who is killed in fighting unbelievers, facing and not running away, for the raising of Allah's word…and not for any worldly motive." [Mughni al-Muhtaj (1/350) and see Fath al-Bari (6/129)]

According to the Hanbalis:

"One who dies in a battle with the unbelievers, whether male or female, adult or not, whether killed by the unbelievers, or by his own weapon in error, or by having fallen off his mount, or having been found dead with no mark, provided he was sincere." [Kash-shaf al-Qina`, 2/113. See also Al-Mughni (2/206)]

From the above, it transpires that the majority - apart from the Hanafis - do not consider the identity of the killing party to be a factor in determining whether the victim is a shaheed. The majority view emerges preferable, based on:

i. A hadith narrated by Bukhari (4196) in which `Aamir while trying to kill an enemy man during the battle of Khaybar, mistakenly killed himself instead. Someone said he had invalidated his good deeds, but the Prophet said, "Whoever says that is lying (or mistaken). Verily, he is has two rewards," and he coupled two of his fingers, "He is a striver and a Mujahid."

ii. A hadith narrated by Abu Dawud (2539) about a Sahabi who mistakenly hit himself with his own sword, and people asked, "Is he a shaheed?", whereupon it is reported that the Prophet said, "Yes, and I am a witness for him."

Some people may waver about the permissibility of martyrdom operations because the Mujahid is killing himself. In order to dispel this confusion, we may remind ourselves that the Shari`ah often gives a differing verdict about two actions which externally appear the same, but differ in the intentions behind them. E.g.
Marrying a divorced woman is permissible, but doing so with the sole intention of making her permissible to the first husband is prohibited.
Paying back a loan with more than was borrowed is allowed, but if the excess is stipulated in the contract, it is prohibited, being riba.
One who performs Jihad in order to raise aloft the word of Allah is a Mujahid, but one who fights for the sake of showing off bravery is among the first who will be taken to Hell.

Mistakenly striking oneself with one's own weapon makes one shaheed (according to the majority) but deliberately killing oneself to escape the pain of wounds makes one deserving of Hell.

These examples, all based on the hadith, "Verily, actions are only according to intentions…", clearly support the notion that the verdict concerning the shaheed does not differ based on who the killing party is, provided the intention is pure. So, one who has a bad intention and is killed by the enemy is deserving of the Fire, as would be the case if he kills himself out of pain. And, one who has a sincere intention will be in Heaven, whether he is killed by the enemy, or kills himself in error. And, one who helps in killing himself for the good of the religion will be in Heaven, like the boy, inshaa-Allah.

Definition of Suicide

Suicide here refers to killing oneself on account of anger, pain or some other worldly motive, and scholars are unanimous that it is prohibited and moreover a major sin, making the offender deserving of Hell - either eternally if he legitimizes the act, or for a finite duration [if he did not legitimize it and died as a Muslim]. "Do not kill yourselves. Verily, Allah is merciful to you. And, whoever does that, out of animosity and , We shall burn him in a Fire. And that is easy for Allah." [Qur'an, 4:29-30; See Tafseer al-Qurtubi, (5/156)]

"Among those before you, there was a man with a wound, and he was in anguish, so he took a knife and cut his hands, and the blood did not stop until he died. Allah said, "My servant has hastened the ending of his life, so I have prohibited Heaven to him." [Bukhari and Muslim]

"Whoever strangles himself will be strangling himself in the Fire, and whoever stabs himself will be stabbing himself in the Fire." [Bukhari and Muslim]

The authentic ahadith on this subject are many. In fact, we have been ordered not to even wish for death.

"Let not any of you wish for death on account of harm which has befallen him. But, if he must, he should pray, 'O Allah! Keep me alive as long as life is better for me, and take my life when death is better for me." [Bukhari and Muslim]

All of these texts prohibiting suicide related to killing oneself for worldly motives such as pain or anguish or lack of patience, and not for raising aloft the Word of Allah. We have already cited the evidences for permitting a Mujahid to plunge into the enemy ranks without armour, and these exempt the Mujahid from the generality of the suicide texts. Can one then say that one who kills himself in order to lift the Word of Allah - to inflict losses on the enemy, to frighten them, and with a sincere intention - can we describe him as one committing suicide? That is a grave slander. We say that the prohibition of suicide is on account of its resulting from weakness or lack of faith, whereas the Mujahid in a martyrdom operation is killing himself on account of the strength of his faith. The boy in the account of the Trenches referred to in Surah al-Buruj effectively killed himself for such a reason, and his deed was praiseworthy. Similarly, the Prophet wished for death in the Path of Allah not once but thrice [the hadith was cited at the start of the article], and it was permissible because it was not on account of harm which had befallen him, but rather it emanated from strong faith. So, when the rationale of the prohibition of suicide becomes clear, one arrives at the conclusion that martyrdom operations are permissible and praiseworthy when undertaken for some religious benefit.

Synopsis

We have arrived at the conclusion that martyrdom operations are permissible, and in fact the Mujahid who is killed in them is better than one who is killed fighting in the ranks, for there are gradations even among martyrs, corresponding to their role, action effort and risk undertaken. Then, we explained how martyrdom operations are the least costly to the Mujahideen and most detrimental to the enemy. We have heard, as you must have, that most scholars today permit such operations; at least 30 Fatawa have been issued to this effect. We explained how this issue is derived from the issue of plunging single-handedly into the enemy ranks; something which is praiseworthy by the agreement of jurists. We then further stated that we preferred the view that such an action is permissible even if martyrdom is the only goal, although it is certainly not the optimal practice. Martyrdom operations should not be carried out unless certain conditions are met:

1. One's intention is sincere and pure - to raise the Word of Allah.
2. One is reasonably sure that the desired effect cannot be achieved by any other means which would guarantee preservation of his life.
3. One is reasonably sure that loss will be inflicted on the enemy, or they will be frightened, or the Muslims will be emboldened.
4. One should consult with war strategy experts, and especially with the amber of war, for otherwise he may upset plan and alert the enemy to their presence.

If the first condition is absent, the deed is worthless, but if it is satisfied while some others are lacking, then it is not the best thing, but this does not necessarily mean the Mujahid is not shaheed.

We also explained how causing a death carries the same verdict as actual killing. Hence one who plunges without armour into the enemy ranks, being certain of death, just like one who engages in a martyrdom operation, is effectively causing his own death, but they are praiseworthy because of the circumstances and intention, and hence are not considered to have committed suicide. We also clarified that [according to the majority] the identity of the killer does not have an effect on whether the Mujahid will be considered shaheed. This dispels the wavering arising from the fact that the Mujahid is taking his own life. Thus, such operations could take on any of the five Shar`i verdicts depending on intention and circumstances. Finally, we clarified that taking one's own life is not always blameworthy; rather it is contingent on the motives behind it. So, we conclude that one who kills himself because of his strong faith and out of love for Allah and the Prophet, and in the interests of the religion, is praiseworthy.

Conclusion

Finally, we should point out that this topic needs a much more expansive study. However, we are thankful to Allah for having allowed us to complete this. If we are correct, it is due to Allah, and if we have erred, then all humans are prone to error. Finally, let the scholars and students of knowledge approach us with their feedback and advice, for we are in need of such help. Let them fear Allah in discharging their responsibility to us.
And peace and blessings be upon the Messenger of Allah, who rightly strove in the Path of Allah until he left this world, and also upon his Household and Companions and those who follow them in goodness until the Day of Judgment.
And our final words are praise to Allah, Lord of the Worlds

[KhalisahdaGreat]

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